OCTOBER HISTORIC WEATHER EVENTS
From records of Aviation Weather Center, Kansas City 
(http://www.awc-kc.noaa.gov/wxfact/ october.html) and Intellicast 
(http://www1.intellicast.com/weather/usa/papers/october.html) 1 Oct. 1996
And from 12 Oct 1998, The Weather Notebook http://theweathercompany.com (The Weather Company)
1 OCTOBER
THE WEATHER NOTEBOOK 10/1/99
On this date in ....
*1752 - The Second Carolina Hurricane of 1752: One of the worst hurricanes ever to hit the Cape Fear and Outer Banks 
area of North Carolina made landfall on this date. The storm completely destroyed the Onslow County Courthouse, washing 
away all records. The county seat actually was moved further inland after the storm.
*1837 - Famed Racer's Hurricane swept from Texas to North Carolina. So named because it heavily damaged the H.M.S. 
Racer.
*1893 - Second major hurricane of the year strikes the Bayou Country of Louisiana. 1000 people died in the storm.
*1976 - Hurricane Liza brings heavy rains and winds to Mexico, causing a dam to break on the Cajoncito River, killed 630 
people as a wall of water rushed into the town of La Paz.
*1980 - 97 at San Francisco, CA and 107 at Phoenix were both October records.
*1981 - Phoenix, AZ received a deluge of .68 inches of rain in just 5 minutes, equaling their all-time record rainfall.
*1989 - 9.03 inches of rain fell at Athens, GA in two days as heavy rainfall plagued the Southeast.
*1990 - One inch of rain fell at Yuma, AZ in 15 minutes.
  ...1752...The second severe hurricane in two weeks hit the Carolinas.  The Onslow County Courthouse was 
destroyed along with all its records, and Beacon Island disappeared.  (David Ludlum)
  ...1893...The second great hurricane of the 1893 season hit the Mississippi Delta Region drowning more 
than 1000 persons.  (David Ludlum)
  ...1987...A blast of cold arctic air hit the north central U.S.  An afternoon thunderstorm slickened the streets 
of Duluth, MN with hail and snow, and later in the afternoon, strong northerly winds reached 70 mph.  
Unseasonably warm weather continued in the Pacific northwest.  Afternoon highs of 90 degrees at Olympia, 
WA, 92 degrees at Portland, OR, and 89 degrees at Seattle, WA, were records for the month of October.  
For Seattle, WA it marked the twenty-first daily record high for the year, a record total in itself.  (The 
National Weather Summary)
  ...1988...Afternoon and evening thunderstorms produced severe weather across central Oklahoma and the 
eastern half of Texas.  Thunderstorms in Texas produced softball size hail northwest of Nocona, and 
baseball size hail at Troy and Park Springs.  (The National Weather Summary) (Storm Data)
  ...1989...Thunderstorms produced severe weather in the southeastern U.S. through the daytime and evening 
hours.  Severe thunderstorms spawned eleven tornadoes, with seven of those tornadoes in Georgia.  A 
tornado southwest of Moultrie, GA killed two persons and injured a dozen others.  Tornadoes also injured 
one person north of Graceville, FL, and two persons at Bartow, GA.  (Storm Data) (The National Weather 
Summary)


 2 OCTOBER
 THE WEATHER NOTEBOOK 10/2/99
 On this date in ....
 1867 - Hurricane hits Galveston Texas.
 1882 - Louisiana struck by major hurricane. Winds reach 100 mph and a 12-foot storm surge affects the coast and 
bayous. 1500 people were killed.
 1882 - Devastating windstorm strikes Oregon and northern California causing great damage to trees and crops.
 1893 - Georgia coast is struck by hurricane. Campbell Island is washed away.
 1963 - Hurricane Flora moves across the south coast of Haiti and then meanders across eastern Cuba for the next five 
days, lashing the island with winds of 100 mph or more for 100 hours or more. Rainfall amounts were astronomical, with as 
much as 90 inches being reported near Velasco. More rain was reported at Guantanamo Bay from Flora than was reported 
during the entire year of 1962. Flora is the second deadliest hurricane ever in the Atlantic, with over 7000 deaths.
 1981 - Severe thunderstorms raked the Phoenix AZ area for the second straight day with heavy rain, high winds and 1 
1/2 inch diameter hail.
 1981 - A city street in Prospect CT was cratered by a lightning bolt that worked its way into buildings via a water 
main. Numerous water leaks resulted.
 1987 - The morning low at Jackson WY was 21 degrees, but the mercury warmed nicely to an afternoon high of 76.
 1989 - Up to ten inches of rain fell in just 24 hours in parts of northeastern Georgia. At least one person died when he 
was sucked into a storm drain by the floodwaters.
  ...1867...A hurricane struck Galveston, TX with a storm tide that produces $1 million damage.  (Intellicast)
  ...1882...An early season windstorm over Oregon and northern California blew down thousands of trees and 
caused great crop damage in the Sacramento Valley.  (David Ludlum)
A major hurricane struck the Louisiana Delta with 100 mph winds and 12 foot storm tide which inundated 
the bayous resulting in 1500 deaths.  (Intellicast) 
  ...1898...A hurricane struck the Georgia coast washing away Campbell Island.  (David Ludlum)
  ...1959...A tornado struck the town of Ivy, VA (located near Charlottesville).  Eleven persons were killed, 
including ten from one family.  (The Weather Channel)
  ...1980...The temperature at Blue Canyon, CA soared to 88 degrees, an October record for that location.  
(The Weather Channel)
  ...1981...Severe thunderstorms raked Phoenix, AZ with heavy rain, high winds, and hail up to an inch and a 
half in diameter, for the second day in a row.  Thunderstorms on the 1st deluged Phoenix with 0.68 inch of 
rain in five minutes, equaling their all-time record.  (The Weather Channel)
  ...1987...A fast moving cold front produced snow flurries from Minnesota to the Appalachian Mountains, 
and gale force winds behind the front ushered cold air into the Great Lakes Region.  Valentine, NE reported 
a record low of 25 degrees.  Temperatures recovered rapidly in the Northern High Plains Region, reaching 
the lower 80s by afternoon.  Jackson, WY warmed from a morning low of 21 degrees to an afternoon high of 
76 degrees.  (The National Weather Summary)
  ...1988...Early morning thunderstorms in Georgia produced three inches of rain at Canton and Woodstock.  
(The National Weather Summary)
  ...1989...Flooding due to thunderstorm rains in the southeastern U.S. on the last day of September and the 
first day of October caused the Etowah River to rise seven feet above flood stage at Canton, GA.  
Thunderstorms produced up to ten inches of rain in northeastern Georgia, with six inches reported at 
Athens, GA in 24 hours.  One man was killed, and another man was injured, when sucked by floodwaters 
into drainage lines.  (The National Weather Summary) (Storm Data)


 3 OCTOBER
  ...1841... The “October Gale”, the worst of record for Nantucket, MA, caught the Cape Cod fishing fleet at 
sea.  Forty ships were driven ashore on Cape Cod, and 57 men perished from the town of Truro alone.  
Heavy snow fell inland, with 18 inches near Middletown CT and 3 inches at Concord, MA.  (David 
Ludlum)
  ...1912...The longest dry spell of record in the U.S. commenced as Bagdad, CA went 767 days without rain.  
(David Ludlum)
  ...1964...Hurricane Hilda crossed the Louisiana coastline with sustained winds of 120 mph at Franklin, LA.  
Hilda killed 38 and produced a total damage of $125 million.  An F4 tornado spawned by Hurricane Hilda 
cut a 2 mile path through Larose, LA, killing 22 people and injuring 165.  (Intellicast)
  ...1979...The first killer tornado of record in October in Connecticut destroyed sixteen vintage aircraft at the 
Bradley Air Museum in Windsor Locks.  The tornado, rated an F4 on the Fujita Scale, damaged more than 
one hundred homes causing 200 million dollars damage.  Three persons were killed and 500 others were 
injured.  As the storm passed 1 mile east of Bradley International Airport, the National Weather Service 
office reported a wind gust to 86 mph. (The Weather Channel) (Intellicast)
  ...1986...Remnants of Hurricane Paine deluged Oklahoma and southeastern Kansas with 6 to 10 inch 
overnight rains.  Hardy, OK was drenched with 21.79 inches.  Heavy rain between September 26th and 
October 4th caused 350 million dollars damage in Oklahoma.  (The Weather Channel)
  ...1987...Twenty-five cities in the Upper Midwest, including ten in Iowa, reported record low temperatures 
for the date.  Duluth, MN, Eau Claire, WI and Spencer, IA dipped to 24 degrees.  Temperatures warmed 
into the 80s in the Northern and Central High Plains Region.  At Chadron, NE, the mercury soared from a 
morning low of 29 degrees to an afternoon high of 88 degrees.  Temperatures soared above 100 degrees in 
southern California.  The high of 108 degrees at Downtown Los Angeles was a record for October.  (The 
National Weather Summary)
  ...1988...Cold Canadian air invaded the north central U.S. bringing an end to the growing season across 
those states.  Unseasonably warm weather prevailed in the southwestern U.S.  Phoenix, AZ reported a record 
high of 105 degrees.  (The National Weather Summary)
  ...1989...Unseasonably cold weather prevailed from the Pacific Northwest to the Upper Mississippi Valley.  
A dozen cities reported record low temperatures for the date, including Bismarck, ND and Williston, ND 
with readings of 16 degrees above zero.  An upper level weather disturbance brought snow to parts of Idaho, 
Wyoming and Montana, with five inches reported at West Yellowstone, MT.  (Storm Data) (The National 
Weather Summary)
  ...1992...A strong low pressure system moved out of the Gulf of Mexico spawning several tornadoes in the 
Tampa, FL area.  One person was killed and 23 homes destroyed as one tornado moved through Largo.  3 
people were killed and 75 injured in Pinellas Park as an F3 tornado passed through.  Total damage was $32 
million.  Heavy rains also occurred across North Florida and Georgia with the storm with 8.69 inches at 
Jacksonville, FL and 10.14 at Brunswick, GA.  Strong winds and a long fetch pushed tides 4 to 5 feet above 
normal along the west coast of Florida.  Major beach erosion occurred along the coast of Hillsborough 
County and at Egmont Key.  (Intellicast)


 4 OCTOBER
 THE WEATHER NOTEBOOK 10/3/99 ??
 On this date in ....
 *1777 - A morning fog during the Battle of Germantown led to confusion that resulted in American soldiers firing upon 
their own men.
 *1869 - Saxby's Gale: A British military officer reportedly predicted this storm 12 months in advance. 12.35 inches of 
rain fell in Canton, CT. Heavy rains and high winds plagued all of New England.
 *1969 - 9.6 inches of snow fell at Denver, CO. It would be the coldest and snowiest October o record in the Mile High 
City with over 31 inches of snow during the month.
 *1986 - Heavy rains over the Midwest caused extensive flooding. Over twenty inches of rain fell in the week at Hale, 
KS, with 18 inches at Coffeyville, KS. In some places it was the worst flooding of record.
 *1986 - Many flooding deaths occur in automobiles. Just two feet of rushing water can move a vehicle. 16.21 inches of 
rain fell at McCamey, TX on this date. A car was swept from a bridge which was covered by the flooding water near 
Rankin, TX, killing the motorist.
 *1987 - Parts of New England dumped on by a record setting early season snow. Grafton NY recorded 22 inches of 
snow. 18 inches fell at Pownal, VT.  The 6 inches recorded at Albany NY was the earliest measurable snow in 117 years. 
Most of the snow fell at higher elevations. Trees still had most of their foliage, resulting in heavy tree damage. The storm 
caught many by surprise, especially the snowplows teams. 17 people died and 332 were injured.
 *1987 - 111 at San Luis Obispo, CA made that location the nation's hot spot for the day. The 100 degree reading at San 
Francisco was an October record. 
 *1988 - 3.57 inches of rain in one hour at Davie, FL.
 *1995 - Hurricane Opal was a worst case scenario for weather forecasters. In the eighteen hours before its landfall just 
east of Pensacola, FL, Opal went from a Category 2 Hurricane, to a strong Category 4 Hurricane, back to a Category 2 just 
before landfall. At 4:45 a.m. CDT, Air Force Reconnaissance reported an alarming central pressure of 916 mb and winds 
were estimated at a devastating 150 mph, making the storm the strongest of record in the Atlantic in October. The storm had 
rapidly intensified that morning, dropping from 951 to 916 mb in just 9 hours. At this time Opal was 250 nautical miles 
south-southwest of Pensacola, Florida. Fortunately, Opal could not maintain peak intensity as the inner eyewall collapsed 
within a few hours. The maximum sustained winds were 115 mph near the center of the storm. Mary Esther, FL record 
sustained winds of 80 mph with a questionable wind gust to 144 mph. Although winds were diminishing at the time of 
landfall, extensive damage due to a storm surge of 15 feet and breaking waves occurred over most of the coastal areas of the 
Florida panhandle. The estimated U.S. death toll from direct causes is 9. Total damage was $3 billion. Researchers believe 
that Opal moved over a warm water eddy over the Gulf of Mexico which had broken off from the Gulf Stream. Water in the 
eddy was a degree or two warmer than in the surrounding area, allowing the storm to strengthen rapidly.
 *1998 - 24 tornadoes across Oklahoma established a record for the most tornadoes on any day ever in October in the 
U.S. Meteorologists at the Storm  Prediction Center in Norman, OK were able to view a tornado passing in the distance.
  ...1777...The Battle of Germantown was fought in a morning fog that grew more dense with the smoke of 
battle, causing great confusion.  Americans firing at each other contributed to the loss of the battle.  (David 
Ludlum)
  ...1869...A great storm struck New England.  The storm reportedly was predicted twelve months in advance 
by a British officer named Saxby.  Heavy rains and high floods plagued all of New England, with strong 
winds and high tides over New Hampshire and Maine.  Canton, CT was deluged with 12.35 inches of rain.  
(David Ludlum)
  ...1969...Denver, CO received 9.6 inches of snow.  October of that year proved to be the coldest and snowiest 
of record for Denver, with a total snowfall for the month of 31.2 inches.  (Weather Channel)
  ...1986...Excessive flooding was reported along the Mississippi River and all over the Midwest, from Ohio 
to the Milk River in Montana.  In some places it was the worst flooding of record.  Rainfall totals for the 
week included 20.07 inches at Hale, KS, nearly 18 inches at Coffeyville and Walnut, KS.  (Sandra and TI 
Richard Sanders - 1987) (Intellicast) 
  ...1987...A rapidly deepening coastal storm dumped record snows across eastern New York State and 
western New England   Grafton, NY was buried under 22 inches of snow, North Springfield, VT had 
21 inches and Pownal, VT recorded 18 inches.  Most of the snow occurred at higher elevations but 
even Albany, NY received 6 inches, their earliest measurable snow in 117 years of records.  Damage 
to trees was extensive as many trees still in full leaf. Road crews scrambled to get their plows out as 
the magnitude of the snow caught everybody by surprise  The storm claimed 17 lives in central New 
York State, injured 332 persons, and in Vermont caused seventeen million dollars damage.  (The 
National Weather Summary) (Storm Data) (The Weather Channel) (Intellicast)
Southern California continued to "shake and bake". An earthquake was reported during the morning, 
the second in a matter of days, and during the afternoon temperatures soared well above 100 degrees. 
Highs of 100 degrees at San Francisco, and 108 degrees at Los Angeles and Santa Maria, were 
October records. San Luis Obispo was the hot spot in the nation with an afternoon high of 111 
degrees. (The National Weather Summary).
  ...1988...Temperatures dipped below freezing in the north central U.S.  Five cities in North Dakota and 
Nebraska reported record low temperatures for the date, including Bismarck, ND with a reading of 17 
degrees above zero.  Low pressure brought snow and sleet to parts of Upper Michigan.  (The National 
Weather Summary)
  ...1989...Unseasonably cold weather continued in the north central U.S., with freezing temperatures reported 
across much of the area from eastern North Dakota to Michigan and northwest Ohio.  Thirteen cities 
reported record low temperatures for the date, including Saint Cloud, MN, which was the cold spot in the 
nation with a morning low of 19 degrees.  (The National Weather Summary)
  ...1995...Hurricane Opal deepened explosively of the central Gulf of Mexico during the morning from 951 to 
916 millibars in just 9 hours to become the strongest Atlantic October hurricane.  Sustained winds reached 
150 mph.  The storm later made landfall near Pensacola, FL but fortunately in a weakened state.  Sustained 
winds reached 80 mph at Mary Ester with a peak gust of 144 mph.  A storm surge of up to 15 feet inundated 
the coast from Pensacola to Destin.  Nine were killed and damage topped $3 billion.  (Intellicast)


 5 OCTOBER
 THE WEATHER NOTEBOOK 10/5/99
 On this date in ....
 *1638 - John Winthrop recorded the passage of the second major storm of 1638, noting that it was accompanied by the 
highest tide the settlement had seen since their arrival in North America.
 *1786 - Major flood on the Delaware and Susquehanna Rivers. The stage at Harrisburg, PA reached 22 feet.
 *1836 - 26 inches of snow fell at Auburn NY on the 5th and 6th in one of the greatest snowstorms in New York State 
history. 26 inches also fell at Hollidaysburg, PA.
 *1892 - Washington, DC recorded a trace of snow, its earliest measurable snowfall on record.
 *1911 - Moisture from the remnants of a tropical storm cause heavy rainfall in the San Juan Mountains that cause 
floods on the Upper Rio Grande and other Colorado Rivers. Alamosa, CO was flooded.
 *1917 - 116 at Sentinel, AZ stands at the hottest reading ever recorded in the United States in October.
 *1954 - Infamous Hurricane Hazel, which caused tremendous destruction in the Carolinas was born on this date.
 *1972 - The remnants of Tropical Storm Joanne fell across Arizona. The center of the tropical storm reached Flagstaff 
on the 7th, making it the first tropical cyclone in known history to move into Arizona.
 *1984 - Honolulu recorded their hottest temperature ever at 94 degrees.
 *1987 - San Francisco set its all time highest temperature for October with a reading of 102 degrees at Mission Dolores 
in downtown. It was 104 in Monterey, CA. While the west was baking, record lows were being reported in the east. 
Knoxville, TN dropped to 34 degrees, one of 20 cities reporting record lows for the date.
 *1988 - The afternoon high in Goodland, KS was only 39 degrees as record cold gripped the central U.S.
 *1989 - The remnants of Tropical Storm Raymond brought heavy rains to Arizona with 4.5 inches of rain reported near 
Wilcox, AZ. Severe flooding was reported in the town of Wilcox.
  ...1638...The journal of John Winthrop recorded that a mighty tempest struck eastern New England.  This 
second severe hurricane in three years blew down many trees in mile long tracks.  (David Ludlum)
  ...1786...The famous "Pumpkin Flood" occurred on the Delaware and Susquehanna Rivers.  Harrisburg, PA 
reported a river stage of twenty-two feet.  The heavy rains culminated a wet season.  (David Ludlum)
  ...1917...The temperature at Sentinel, AZ soared to 116 degrees to establish an October record for the 
nation.  (The Weather Channel)
  ...1972...Heavy rains, mostly the remnants of Tropical Storm Joanne, fell across much of Arizona.  It was 
believed to be the first time in Arizona weather history that a tropical storm entered the state with its 
circulation still intact.  The center was over Flagstaff early on the 7th.  (3rd-7th) (The Weather Channel)
  ...1984...The temperature at Honolulu, HI hit 94 degrees to establish the all-time record high for that city. 
(Intellicast)
  ...1987...It was another day of scorching heat for the southwestern U.S.  In California, afternoon highs of 
102 degrees in Downtown San Francisco, and 104 degrees at Monterey, established all-time records.  The 
high of 101 degrees at San Jose was a record for October.  Sacramento tied their record for October for the 
third time in the month, with a reading of 102 degrees.  The high for the nation was 111 degrees at San Luis 
Obispo and Palm Springs.  Twenty cities in the southeastern U.S. reported record low temperatures for the 
date, including Knoxville, TN with a reading of 34 degrees.  (The National Weather Summary)
  ...1988...Thirteen cities in the central U.S. reported record low temperatures for the date, including Duluth, 
MN with a reading of 21 degrees.  Goodland, KS reported an afternoon high of 39 degrees.  Showers over 
Upper Michigan produced an inch of snow at Marquette.  (The National Weather Summary)
  ...1989...Showers and thunderstorms associated with Tropical Storm Raymond deluged southeastern 
Arizona with heavy rain.  Up to four and a half inches of rain was reported north of Wilcox.  Three-fourths 
of the streets in the town of Wilcox were left under eighteen inches of water, and damage exceeded a million 
dollars.
Evening thunderstorms developing along a cold front produced severe weather in Oklahoma and the Texas 
Panhandle.  Thunderstorms produced high winds which gusted to 80 mph at White Deer, TX, and resulted 
in one death at Pocasset, OK.  Thunderstorms produced golf ball size hail at Pampa, TX and Lefors, TX.  
(Storm Data) (The National Weather Summary)


 6 OCTOBER
 THE WEATHER NOTEBOOK 10/6/99
 On this date in ....
 *1836 - Early season snowfall in the northeast. 25 inches of snow at Auburn, NY. 11 inches at Wilkes Barre, PA.
 *1941 - Strong tornado hits east side of Kansas City, MO. 4 people killed, including two people in a house that was 
blown intact for 700 feet and then destroyed. A mother and small child were blown 500 feet and killed. 130 homes and 
buildings were destroyed.
 *1952 - The Music City of Nashville, TN records its earliest snowfall ever with a trace being recorded.
 *1981 - An airliner flew into a tornado which had just lifted off the ground near Moerdijk, Holland, causing the wing to 
fall off. The resulting crash killed everyone on board.
 *1984 - All time record high recorded at Honolulu, HI with 94 degrees.
 *1985 - 180 people died in flooding and landslides across Puerto Rico as 24 inches of rain fell in just 24 hours.
 *1990 - What a difference a day makes. The day before in Rapid City, SD, it was 89 degrees. On this date, freezing 
conditions and snow showers.
  ...1836...A second early season snowstorm produced eleven inches at Wilkes Barre, PA and 26 inches at 
Auburn, NY.  All the mountains in the northeastern U.S. were whitened with snow.  (David Ludlum)
  ...1941...a tornado hit Kansas City, MO leaving 4 dead and causing $250,000 damage. (Intellicast)
  ...1952...A trace of snow fell at Nashville, TN, the earliest ever on record. (Intellicast)
  ...1984...The temperature at Honolulu, HI reached 94 degrees to establish an all-time record at that location.  
(The Weather Channel)
  ...1985...A tropical wave, later to become Tropical Storm Isabel, struck Puerto Rico.  As much as 24 inches 
of rain fell in 24 hours, and the severe flooding and numerous landslides resulting from the rain claimed 
about 180 lives.  (Storm Data)
  ...1987...The western U.S. continued to sizzle.  Afternoon highs of 85 degrees at Astoria, OR, 101 degrees at 
Tucson, AZ, and 102 degrees at Sacramento, CA, equaled October records.  It marked the fourth time in the 
month that Sacramento tied their record for October.  (The National Weather Summary)
  ...1988...Cool Canadian air prevailed across the central and eastern U.S.  Toledo, OH reported a record low 
of 27 degrees.  Limestone, ME received an inch of snow.  Warm weather continued in the western U.S.  
Boise, ID reported a record high of 87 degrees.  (The National Weather Summary)
  ...1989...Temperatures soared into the 90s across southern Texas.  Afternoon highs of 93 degrees at 
Houston, and 96 degrees at Austin and Corpus Christi, were records for the date.  Beeville was the hot spot 
in the nation with an afternoon high of 101 degrees.  (The National Weather Summary)


 7 OCTOBER
  ...1970...Widespread flooding took place across Puerto Rico.  Rainfall amounts for the day ranged up to 
seventeen inches at Aibonito.  A slow moving tropical depression was responsible for six days of torrential 
rains across the island.  Totals in the Eastern Interior Division averaged thirty inches, with 38.4 inches at 
Jayuya.  Flooding claimed eighteen lives, and resulted in 62 million dollars damage.  (David Ludlum) (The 
Weather Channel)
  ...1981...Seattle, WA received four inches of rain in 24 hours, a record for the city.  (The Weather Channel)
  ...1987...It was another hot day in the southwestern U.S.  Tucson, AZ hit 101 degrees for the second day in a 
row to again equal their record for the month of October.  Phoenix, AZ reported a record high of 103 
degrees, and Blythe, CA and Yuma, AZ tied for honors as the hot spot in the nation with afternoon highs of 
108 degrees.  (The National Weather Summary)
  ...1988...Morning fog in the central U.S. reduced the visibility to near zero at some locations.  Morning lows 
of 28 degrees at Rockford, IL and 24 degrees at Waterloo, IA were records for the date.  Afternoon highs of 
92 degrees at Hollywood, FL and Miami, FL were records for the date.  (The National Weather Summary)
  ...1989...Morning thunderstorms in central Texas drenched San Antonio with 3.10 inches of rain in six 
hours causing local flooding in northeastern sections of the city.  Temperatures dipped below the freezing 
mark from the Northern Rockies to the Upper Mississippi Valley.  (The National Weather Summary)
  ...1992...2.1 inches of snow fell at Concordia, KS, the earliest measurable snow on record. (Intellicast)


 8 OCTOBER
 THE WEATHER NOTEBOOK 10/8/99
 On this date in ....
 *1871 - The Great Chicago Fire occurred. A terrible summer drought had left much of the Midwest, including the city 
of Chicago as dry as a tinderbox.  Many areas of the city were very congested with narrow streets of wood frame 
buildings. The fire started just after 9 p.m. on the city's South Side and spread rapidly northward, jumping the Chicago 
River around midnight. The fire knocked the city's water works out of commission and then there was nothing to stop 
it. 17,500 buildings wee destroyed in the flames. 2100 acres were burned. 250 people were killed and 100,000 were left 
homeless in the city of about 334,000 residents. The fired raged out of control all day on Monday, October 9, finally 
being extinguished by the combination of a light rain and the natural obstacle of Lake Michigan. Some feel that the fire 
was a blessing in disguise, that it wiped away the cheaply constructed wood frame buildings and allowed Chicago to be 
built back better prepared for the future. Damage totaled $196 million.
 *1871 - Following a major summer drought, the town of Peshtigo, Wisconsin was destroyed by a massive firestorm in 
just ten minutes. The fire raced northward into Michigan. Nearly 1200 people died in the Peshtigo Fire, including 600 
in the town itself. Other fires raged in parts of Wisconsin, Michigan and other Great Lakes states, including the Great 
Chicago Fire.
 *1901 - Twelve inches of rain fell in just six hours at Galveston, TX on the thirteenth month anniversary of the 
infamous 1900 hurricane that killed 6000 people.
 *1982 - 54 inches of snow fell in an early season storm in the northern Black Hills of South Dakota. Lead, SD had 36 
inches of the white stuff.  Meanwhile, Rapid City, SD, just twenty miles away recorded almost no snow. 
 *1987 - Thirty cities from the Midwest to the Southeast recorded record lows on this date, including 22 in Madison, 
WI. Meanwhile, it was still hot in the Southwest, where Phoenix tied their record for most 100 degree days in a year at 
116 days with a reading of 104. Tucson, AZ furthered their mark with their 72nd day of 100 degree plus temperatures 
for the year.
 *1988 - The temperature at Stampede Pass, WA reached 80 degrees, beating their previous October high temperature 
by an amazing 7 degrees!
 *1990 - 7.9 inches of snow fell at Cheyenne, WY set an all-time record for snowfall for any 24 hours in October.
 *1994 - Flash flooding from tropical rainfalls caused 18 deaths in Houston.
  ...1871...Prolonged drought and desiccating winds from the southwest led to the great Chicago fire, the 
Peshtigo horror, and the Michigan fire holocaust.  Fire destroyed more than seventeen thousand buildings 
killing more than 200 persons in the city of Chicago, while on the same night a fire consumed the town of 
Peshtigo, WI killing more than 1100 persons.  In Wisconsin, a million acres of land were burned, and in 
Michigan, 2.5 million acres were burned killing 200 persons.  "Tornadoes of fire" generated by intense heat 
caused houses to explode in fire, and burned to death scores of persons seeking refuge in open fields.  (David 
Ludlum) (The Weather Channel)
  ...1901...A deluge at Galveston, TX produced nearly twelve inches of rain in about a six hour period.  The 
rains came precisely thirteen months after the day of the famous Galveston hurricane disaster.  (David 
Ludlum)
  ...1982...An unusually early snowstorm hit the northern Black Hills of Wyoming and South Dakota.  The 
storm produced up to 54 inches of snow, and winds as high as 70 mph.  The snowfall was very much 
dependent upon topography.  Rapid City, 20 miles away, received just a trace of snow.  (The Weather 
Channel)
  ...1987...Unseasonably cold weather prevailed from the Upper Mississippi Valley to the southeastern U.S.  
Thirty cities reported record low temperatures for the date, including Madison, WI with a reading of 22 
degrees.  The low of 28 degrees at Evansville, IN was the coolest of record for so early in the season.  Hot 
weather continued in the southwestern U.S.  Phoenix, AZ reported a record high of 104 degrees and a record 
tying 116 days of 100 degree weather for the year.  Tucson, AZ established an all-time record with 72 days 
of 100 degree weather for the year.  (The National Weather Summary)
  ...1988...Snow was reported across parts of northern New England.  Two inches blanketed Mount Snow, 
VT.  Warm weather continued in the northwestern U.S.  The afternoon high of 80 degrees at Stampede 
Pass, WA exceeded their previous record for October by seven degrees.  (The National Weather Summary)
  ...1989...Morning lows in the 20s were reported from the Northern Plains to the Upper Great Lakes.  
International Falls, MN and Marquette, MI reported record lows of 22 degrees.  Unseasonably warm 
weather prevailed in central California as the Oakland Athletics won the American League pennant.  San 
Luis Obispo, CA reported a high of 99 degrees.  (The National Weather Summary)
  ...1993...1.05 inches of rain fell at Columbia, MO to push the yearly total to 55.77 inches, breaking the 
annual record. (Intellicast)


 9 OCTOBER
 THE WEATHER NOTEBOOK 10/9/99
 On this date in ....
 *1804 - "Snow Hurricane" dumps heavy rains along the coast from mid-Atlantic northward and very heavy snows 
inland across New England. Up to 2 feet of snow fell in the Green Mountains of Vermont.
 *1895 - Snow fell in Philadelphia, PA, the earliest occurrence of snow flakes in the city's weather records.
 *1903 - 11.17 inches of rain in New York City's Central Park sets the NY State 24 hour rainfall record. Severe flooding 
in New Jersey.
 *1944 - Major hailstorm in Montana causes $7.5 million crop loss.
 *1954 - Famed Weather Bureau Hurricane Forecaster Grady Norton died of a stroke in Miami wile working 12 hours 
days plotting the course of Hurricane Hazel. Norton ignored warnings of his medical condition in order to provide 
warnings about the Hurricane, which would go onto blast the North Carolina coast on October 15.
 *1967 - Over one thousand people died in a micro-cyclone that hit the Indian coast. The storm surge penetrated 16 
miles inland along the low lying coast.
 *1980 - Seesaw weather in the Music City. Nashville, TN records high temperature of 91 degrees, setting a record for 
the date. Just three days earlier, the temperature had dropped to 31, the coldest ever for so early in the season.
 *1981 - Temperature at San Juan, PR rose to 98 degrees to establish the all-time record high for that location.
 *1982 - Extremely early snowstorm affects the Black Hills of South Dakota.  As much as 6 feet of very wet, heavy 
snow fell, accompanied by winds of up to 70 mph.
 *1987 - Jacksonville, FL established their fourth record of the young month when the morning low dropped to 47 
degrees. Cool weather still blanketed the east, with 18 cities reporting record lows for the date, including 29 at 
Asheville, NC.
 *1988 - Record cold in the East. The mercury at Atlantic City fell to 30 degrees. It was 35 in Philadelphia, PA and 28 
in Hartford, CT. Snow fell in northern New England. Five inches fell at Mount Washington, NH. Meanwhile, across 
the country, record heat was occurring in California, where it was 102 in Los Angeles.
  ...1903...Central Park in New York City was deluged with 11.17 inches of rain 24 hours to establish a state 
record.  Nearby Battery Park received 9.40 inches.  Severe flooding occurred in the Passaic Valley of New 
Jersey where more than fifteen inches of rain was reported.  (David Ludlum) (The Weather Channel) 
(Intellicast)
  ...1980...Nashville, TN reached 91, highest ever for so late in the season.  Just 3 days earlier, a low of 31 
was reported, lowest ever so early in the season.
  ...1981...The temperature at San Juan, Puerto Rico, soared to 98 degrees to establish an all-time record for 
that location.  (The Weather Channel)
  ...1982...A record breaking snowstorm for so early in the season paralyzed the Black Hills of South Dakota 
with up to 3 to 6 feet of heavy, wet snow and winds of 40-70 mph.  Thirty six inches fell at Lead and 41 
inches piled up at Galena.  (Intellicast)
  ...1987...Eighteen cities in the southeastern U.S. and the Middle Atlantic Coast Region reported record low 
temperatures for the date.  Asheville, NC dipped to 29 degrees, and the record low of 47 degrees at 
Jacksonville, FL marked their fourth of the month.  A second surge of cold air brought light snow to the 
Northern Plains, particularly the Black Hills of South Dakota.  (The National Weather Summary)
  ...1988...Ten cities in the northeastern U.S. reported record low temperatures for the date, including 
Hartford, CT with a reading of 28 degrees.  Snow continued in northern New England through the morning 
hours.  Mount Washington, NH reported five inches of snow.  Warm weather continued in the western U.S.  
Los Angeles, CA reported a record high of 102 degrees.  (The National Weather Summary)
  ...1989...Unseasonably cold weather continued in the Upper Midwest.  Thirteen cities in Ohio, Michigan 
and Indiana reported record low temperatures for the date, including Marquette, MI with a reading of 20 
degrees.  Unseasonably warm weather continued in the western U.S. as the San Francisco Giants won the 
National League pennant.  San Jose, CA reported a record high of 91 degrees.  (The National Weather 
Summary)


 10 OCTOBER
 THE WEATHER NOTEBOOK 10/10/99
 On this date in ....
 1780 - The Hurricane Season of 1780 was one of the worst in recorded history, and the storm which destroyed the 
Windward Islands October 10-12 is the deadliest ever in recorded Atlantic history. It became known simply as the 
"Great Hurricane of 1780." It is believed that 22,000 perished in week long rampage of The Great Hurricane. 9,000 
died on the island of Martinique, 5000 in Euststius and 4000 in Barbados. Thousands more died at sea. It was just one 
of three deadliest hurricanes that month. The first week of the month saw a hurricane strike Jamaica, killing 1000. The 
eastern Gulf of Mexico was hit later that month, and 2000 were killed. The October storms scuttled much of the British 
and Spanish navies and aided the colonies in the American Revolution.
 1804 - Famous snow hurricane. Coastal storm dumped three of snow across the crest of the Green Mountains in New 
England. A foot of snow fell at Goshen CT in the Berkshires.
 1846 - Pressure dropped to 27.06 inches as major hurricane crossed Cuba. The storm would go onto wreak great havoc 
at Key West. Fort Taylor was reportedly reduced to ruins.
 1925 - Up to 2 feet of snow fell in northern Vermont and New Hampshire as a major early season storm hit New 
England. Weekend football games would be played in deep snow.
 1928 - The high at Minneapolis MN reached 90 degrees to establish the record for the latest 90 degree reading ever at 
that location.
 1973 - Extreme rainfall over Oklahoma. Enid picked up 15.68 inches in 24 hours to establish the state record. Up to 20 
inches fell over parts of north central Oklahoma, producing record flooding.
 1979 - Boston records its earliest measurable snowfall ever. Worcester MA picks up over 7 inches, the most snow ever 
recorded so early in the season.  Richmond VA reported its earliest snowfall ever. Snow was reported over a 
widespread area from Maryland into southern New England. The world series game in Baltimore had to be postponed. 
The temperature at Philadelphia PA at mid-afternoon was cold enough to establish a new record low for the date! 1989 
- 16.08 inches of rain fell at St. Augustine FL. Extensive flooding resulted.
 1991 - With 100 degree high, Sacramento sets daily record, warmest so late in season and latest 100 degree reading 
records.
  ...1804...A famous snow hurricane occurred.  The unusual coastal storm caused northerly gales from Maine 
to New Jersey.  Heavy snow fell across New England, with three feet reported at the crest of the Green 
Mountains.  A foot of snow was reported in the Berkshires of southern New England, at Goshen, CT.  
(David Ludlum)
  ...1928...The temperature at Minneapolis, MN reached 90 degrees, their latest such reading of record.  (The 
Weather Channel)
  ...1973...Fifteen to 20 inch rains deluged north central Oklahoma in thirteen hours producing record 
flooding.  Enid was drenched with 15.68 inches of rain from the nearly stationary thunderstorms, which 
established a state 24 hour rainfall record.  Dover, OK reported 125 of 150 homes damaged by flooding.  
(David Ludlum) (The Weather Channel)
  ...1979...A storm blanketed Worcester, MA with 7.5 inches of snow, a record snowfall total for so early in 
the season for that location.  The earliest measurable snowfall was recorded at Boston, MA with 0.2 inches 
falling.  Blue Hill Observatory at an elevation of 635 feet had 7 inches.  (The Weather Channel) (Intellicast)
  ...1987...Eleven cities in the north central U.S. reported record low temperatures for the date, including 
Colorado Springs, CO with a reading of 23 degrees, and Havre, MT with a low of 11 degrees above zero.  
Light snow was reported as far south as Kansas.  Omaha, NE reported their third earliest snow of record.  
(The National Weather Summary)
  ...1988...Sunny and mild weather prevailed across the nation for Columbus Day.  The afternoon high of 77 
degrees at Kalispell, MT was the warmest reading of record for so late in the autumn season.  
Thunderstorms developing along a cold front produced wind gusts to 56 mph at Lorain, OH.  Snowflakes 
were observed at Milwaukee, WI around noon, but quickly changed to rain as temperature readings were in 
the lower 60s.  (The National Weather Summary) (Storm Data)
  ...1989...Thunderstorms produced torrential rains along the northeast coast of Florida.  Augustine was 
deluged with 16.08 inches of rain.  The heavy rain caused extensive flooding of homes and businesses, and 
left some roads under three feet of water.  Ten cities from South Carolina to New England reported record 
low temperatures for the date, including Concord, NH with a reading of 23 degrees.  Temperatures dipped 
into the 30s in the Carolinas.  (Storm Data) (The National Weather Summary)
  ...1991...Sacramento, CA hit 100 degrees setting a daily record.  It was also the latest 100 degree reading 
and the warmest so late in the season.  (Intellicast)


 11 OCTOBER
  ...1846...A very intense hurricane caused great destruction on the Florida Keys.  Key West was virtually 
destroyed with 5 feet of water reported in the city.  Fort Taylor was reduced to ruins.  (Intellicast)
  ...1925...Widespread early season snows fell in the northeastern U.S., with as much as two feet in New 
Hampshire and Vermont.  The heavy snow blocked roads and canceled football games.  (David Ludlum)
  ...1954...A deluge of 6.72 inches of rain in 48 hours flooded the Chicago River, causing ten million dollars 
damage in the Chicago area.  (9th-11th) (David Ludlum) (The Weather Channel)
  ...1987...More than thirty cities in the Upper Midwest reported record low temperatures for the date, 
including Waterloo, IA and Scottsbluff, NE where the mercury dipped to 16 degrees.  Tropical Storm Floyd 
brought heavy rain to southern Florida, moisture from Hurricane Ramon produced heavy rain in southern 
California, and heavy snow blanketed the mountains of New York State and Vermont.  (The National 
Weather Summary)
  ...1988...Low pressure brought gale force winds to the Great Lakes Region, with snow and sleet reported in 
some areas.  Unseasonably warm weather prevailed in the north central U.S.  The mercury hit 84 degrees at 
Cutbank, MT and Worland, WY.  The temperature at Gunnison, CO soared from a morning low of 12 
degrees to a high of 66 degrees.  (The National Weather Summary)
  ...1989...Much of the nation enjoyed "Indian Summer" type weather.  Nine cities in the central U.S. reported 
record highs for the date as temperatures warmed into the 80s and 90s.  Record highs included 90 degrees at 
Grand Island, NE and 97 degrees at Waco, TX.  Strong winds along a cold front crossing the Northern High 
Plains Region gusted to 80 mph at Ames Monument, WY during the early morning.  (The National Weather 
Summary)


 12 OCTOBER
 From The Weather Notebook
 -- 1836 - A third early season storm produced heavy snow in the northeastern U.S.  Bridgewater NY received 18 
inches, a foot of snow fell at Madison NY, and for the third time all the mountains of the northeastern U.S. were 
whitened. 
 -- 1918 - 538 people are killed as the town of Cloquet, Minnesota is destroyed by a fire driven by hurricane force 
winds.  Over 250,000 acres total were burned in the fire.  Smoke with a smell of burnt wood spread to Albany NY and 
Washington D.C. in 24 hours.  Smoke was noted at Charleston SC on the 14th, and by the 15th was reported in 
northeastern Texas. 
 -- 1962 - Big Columbus Day Blow in the Pacific Northwest. Winds of up to 140 mph.  More timber was blown down 
in this event than in any other event in history. $225 million in damage. 48 people were killed.
  -- 1978 - As an Indianapolis, Indiana, man was driving his car, lightning hit and melted a CB antenna mounted on the 
trunk lid. The left front steel belted tire blew out; the car's electrical system, radio, and CB radio were damaged. The 
driver was not hurt. 
 -- 1979 - Typhoon Tip in the Northwest Pacific Ocean achieved the dubious distinction of being the strongest tropical 
cyclone ever measured on earth.  It was measured to have a central pressure of 870 mb and estimated surface sustained 
winds of 190 mph. 
 -- 1987 - Floyd, the only hurricane to make landfall the entire season, moved across the Florida Keys. Floyd produced 
wind gusts to 59 mph at Duck Key, and up to nine inches of rain in southern Florida.  Sixteen cities in the Ohio Valley 
and the Middle Mississippi Valley reported record low temperatures for the date.  Record lows included 27 degrees at 
Paducah KY, and 24 degrees at Rockford IL and Springfield IL. 
 -- 1988 - Twenty cities in the Upper Midwest reported record low temperatures for the date, including International 
Falls MN with a reading of 17 degrees.  The town of Embarass MN reported a morning low of 8 degrees.  Snow 
showers in the northeastern U.S. produced five inches at Corry PA. 
 -- 1989 - Temperatures again warmed into the 80s in the Central Plains Region and the Middle Mississippi Valley, 
with 90s in the south central U.S.  Six cities reported record high temperatures for the date, including Fort Smith AR 
with a reading of 92 degrees. Strong winds along a cold front crossing the Great Lakes Region and the Ohio Valley 
gusted to 61 mph at Johnstown PA. 
  ...1836...A third early season storm produced heavy snow in the northeastern U.S.  Bridgewater, NY 
received 18 inches, a foot of snow fell at Madison, NY, and for the third time all the mountains of the 
northeastern U.S. were whitened.  (David Ludlum)
  ...1918...Forest fires ravaged parts of Minnesota from the Duluth area northeastward, claiming the lives of 
600 persons.  Smoke with a smell of burnt wood spread to Albany, NY and Washington, DC in 24 hours.  
Smoke was noted at Charleston, SC on the 14th, and by the 15th was reported in northeastern Texas.  
(David Ludlum) (The Weather Channel)
  ...1962...The "Columbus Day Big Blow" occurred in the Pacific Northwest.  It was probably the most 
damaging windstorm of record west of the Cascade Mountains even inland as frontal squalls funneled 
through the area west of the Cascade Range.  Winds reached hurricane force, with gusts above 100 mph.  
More than 3.5 billion board feet of timber were blown down, and communications were severely disrupted 
due to downed power lines.  The storm claimed 48 lives, and caused 210 million dollars damage.  (David 
Ludlum)
  ...1987...Floyd, the only hurricane to make landfall the entire season, moved across the Florida Keys.  Floyd 
produced wind gusts to 59 mph at Duck Key, and up to nine inches of rain in southern Florida.
Sixteen cities in the Ohio Valley and the Middle Mississippi Valley reported record low temperatures for the 
date.  Record lows included 27 degrees at Paducah, KY, and 24 degrees at Rockford, IL and Springfield, IL.  
(The National Weather Summary) (Storm Data)
  ...1988...Twenty cities in the Upper Midwest reported record low temperatures for the date, including 
International Falls, MN with a reading of 17 degrees.  The town of Embarrass, MN reported a morning low 
of 8 degrees.  Snow showers in the northeastern U.S. produced five inches at Corry, PA.  (The National 
Weather Summary) (Storm Data)
  ...1989...Temperatures again warmed into the 80s in the Central Plains Region and the Middle Mississippi 
Valley, with 90s in the south central U.S.  Six cities reported record high temperatures for the date, 
including Fort Smith, AR with a reading of 92 degrees.  Strong winds along a cold front crossing the Great 
Lakes Region and the Ohio Valley gusted to 61 mph at Johnstown, PA.  (The National Weather Summary)


 13 OCTOBER
 From: twc@theweathercompany.com
 Subject: THE WEATHER NOTEBOOK  10/13/98
 Sender: owner-notebook@forecast.esosoft.net
 To: undisclosed-recipients:;@eforecast.com
 THE WEATHER NOTEBOOK 10/13/98
 We hope you enjoy The Weather Notebook. Please forward this to friends and family who you think might like to get 
it. Tell them they can sign up at http://theweathercompany.com/subscribeme.html
 On this day, October 13th, in ..
 ---1846 - The Great Hurricane of 1846 caused great damage at Key West, Florida, on the 11th and then moved over 
eastern North Carolina and into Chesapeake Bay on the 13th. Flooding resulted in Baltimore, Maryland, 
andWashington, D.C. The storm moved on a destructive track similar to that of Hazel in 1954 and caused devastation 
in all areas it affected. It was the most destructive storm in 30 years in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
 ---1876 - New York City records earliest 32 degree temperature and 1/2 inch of snow. Snow fell from Virginia to New 
England. 3.5 inches of snow fell in Fall River MA.
 ---1986 - Southeastern Virginia is struck by 4 tornadoes causing over 3 million dollars in damage. 13 degrees at North 
Platte NE was a record low on this date.
 ---1987 - Record low temperatures for fifteen cities in the eastern U.S. on this date including 34 degrees at Meridian 
MS, 28 degrees at Paducah KY, and 26 degrees at Beckley WV
 ---1988 - Over 40 cities in the eastern U.S. and the Upper Midwest reported record low temperatures. Marquette MI 
records 18 degrees.
 ---1989 - Sixteen cities reported record high temperatures for the date as readings warmed into the 80s and low 90s 
from the Southern and Central Plains to the Southern and Middle Atlantic Coast. Evansville IND and North Platte NE 
reported record highs of 91 degrees.
 ---1994 - 14.26 inches of rain in 24 hours at Hunter GA.
  ...1846...A great hurricane tracked across Cuba, Florida, Georgia, the Carolinas, Virginia and Pennsylvania.  
The hurricane inflicted major damage along its entire path, which was similar to the path of Hurricane 
Hazel 108 years later.  The hurricane caused great damage at Key West, FL, and at Philadelphia, PA it was 
the most destructive storm in thirty years.  (David Ludlum) (The Weather Channel)
  ...1986...Four tornadoes struck southeastern Virginia late in the night causing three million dollars damage.  
Tornadoes at Falls Church, VA caused a million dollars damage.  (Sandra and TI Richard Sanders)
A cold wave set many record lows across the western U.S. including 13 at North Platte, NE. (Intellicast)
  ...1987...Fifteen cities in the eastern U.S. reported record low temperatures for the date.  Record lows 
included 34 degrees at Meridian, MS, 28 degrees at Paducah, KY, and 26 degrees at Beckley, WV.  Another 
surge of arctic air entered the north central U.S. bringing snow to parts of Wyoming and Colorado.  (The 
National Weather Summary)
  ...1988...A total of forty-three cities in the eastern U.S. and the Upper Midwest reported record low 
temperatures for the date, including Elkins, WV and Marquette, MI where the mercury dipped to 18 
degrees.  (The National Weather Summary)
  ...1989...Sixteen cities reported record high temperatures for the date as readings warmed into the 80s and 
low 90s from the Southern and Central Plains to the Southern and Middle Atlantic Coast.  Evansville, IN 
and North Platte, NE reported record highs of 91 degrees.  (The National Weather Summary)
  ...1994...A slow moving low pressure dumped 14.26 inches of rain in 24 hours at Hunter, GA. (Intellicast)


 14 OCTOBER
 THE WEATHER NOTEBOOK 10/14/98
 
 We hope you enjoy The Weather Notebook. Please forward this to friends and family who you think might like to get 
it. Tell them they can sign up athttp://theweathercompany.com/subscribeme.html
 
 On this day, October 14th, in ..
 ---1909 - F3 tornado strikes Pittsburg Landing and Stantonville TN. 23 fatalities, 80 injured.
 ---1957 - A flood at a migrant labor camp near the town of Picacho AZ covers fifty cabins and a dozen nearby homes. 
250 migrant workers are killed. One of the wettest Octobers in Arizona ever.
 ---1965 - Ft. Lauderdale gets 24 inches of rain in only 24 hours to set a local record. The coast of southeastern Florida 
is deluged with rain. Twenty inches or more are reported from Deerfield Beach to Fort Lauderdale. 25.28 inches on the 
Fort Lauderdale Bahia-Mar Yacht Basin.
 ---1966 - Late season tornado outbreak in Iowa as 12 twisters dropped from the sky. A large part of Belmond Iowa was 
destroyed by an F4 tornado. It was the day of the homecoming parade in the town, but fortunately the threatening skies 
had caused the crowds to break up before the twister's arrival. 6 people died in this tornado. Damage totaled $12 
million.
 ---1981 - Four days of heavy rain across northern Texas and southern Oklahoma came to an end. The heaviest rains fell 
in a band from southwest of Abilene TX to McAlester OK, with up to 26 inches reported north of Gainesville, in north 
central Texas. The heavy rains were the result of decaying Hurricane Norma, which also spawned thirteen tornadoes 
across the region. Seven deaths were attributed to the flooding.
 ---1984 - Dense fog contributed to a 118 vehicle accident on I-94, just south of Milwaukee WI. It was the seventh day 
of an eight day stretch of dense fog. At the time of the accident the visibility was reportedly close to zero.
 ---1987 - Sixteen cities, mostly in the Appalachian Region, reported record low temperatures for the date. Record lows 
included 43 degrees at Lake Charles LA, 35 degrees at Augusta GA, and 27 degrees at Asheville NC. Gale force winds 
buffeted the Carolina coast. Light snow fell across parts of Wyoming, Colorado, and western South Dakota.
 ---1988 - Forty cities in the eastern U.S. reported record low temperatures for the date. Elkins WV was the cold spot in 
the nation with a record low of 18 degrees above zero. Thunderstorms in Arizona drenched Phoenix with nine inches of 
rain in nine hours, the fifth highest total for any given day in ninety-two years of records. Carefree AZ was soaked with 
two inches of rain.
 ---1989 - Thunderstorms produced severe weather over Michigan during the morning, and over New York State and 
Connecticut during the afternoon and evening hours. Thunderstorms spawned two tornadoes, and there were ninety 
reports of large hail or damaging winds, including seventy reports of damaging winds in New York State. A tornado at 
McDonough NY killed one person and injured three other people. Strong thunderstorm winds gusted to 105 mph at 
Somerset. Temperatures warmed into the 80s and lower 90s over much of the nation east of the Rockies, with eleven 
cities reporting record high temperatures for the date. Afternoon highs of 81 degrees at Beckley WV and Bluefield WV 
equaled October records.
 THE WEATHER NOTEBOOK 10/14/99
 On this date in ....
 *1909 - F3 tornado strikes Pittsburg Landing and Stantonville, TN. 23 fatalities, 80 injured.
 *1957 - One of the wettest months on record in Arizona came to a culmination as flash flooding devastated a migrant 
worker camp near Picacho, AZ.
 *1965 - 24.28 inches of rain fell on Fort Lauderdale, FL. Extensive flooding resulted.
 *1966 - Iowa struck by devastating late season tornado outbreak. A total of 12 tornadoes touched down, including an 
F4 that devastated a large part of Belmond Iowa. It was the day of the homecoming parade in the town, but fortunately 
the threatening skies had caused the crowds to break up before the twister's arrival. 6 people died in this tornado. 75 of 
the 112 businesses in the town were destroyed. Damage totalled $12 million.
 *1969 - Portland, OR recorded its earliest freeze ever.
 *1981 - The decaying remnants of Pacific Hurricane Norma dumped up to 26 inches of rain during a 4 day period from 
northern Texas to Oklahoma. The area was also plagued by 13 tornadoes. 7 people died in the flooding.
 *1984 - A 118 vehicle accident was caused by dense fog on I-84 north of Milwaukee, WI.  (Wrong!!)
 *1988 - Several cities in the East reported new record lows for the date, including 25 in Asheville, NC.
  
  ...1909...A tornado (F3 on the Fujita intensity scale) struck Stantonville and Pittsburg Landing, TN.  Twenty 
three were killed and 80 injured.  (Intellicast)
  ...1957...Floodwaters roared through a migrant labor camp near the town of Picacho, AZ flooding fifty 
cabins and a dozen nearby homes.  250 migrant workers lost their shelters.  The month was one of the 
wettest Octobers in Arizona weather history.  (The Weather Channel)
  ...1965...Heavy rains hit the coastal areas of southeastern Florida.  In a 24 hour period rains of twenty inches 
were reported from Deerfield Beach to Fort Lauderdale, with 25.28 inches on the Fort Lauderdale Bahia-
Mar Yacht Basin.  Flooding that resulted caused considerable damage to roads and streets.  The rains 
inundated numerous newly planted vegetable fields, and some residences.  Ten miles away just 4.51 inches 
of rain was reported.  (14th- 15th) (David Ludlum) (The Weather Channel)
  ...1966...A late season tornado outbreak hit North Central Iowa.  Twelve tornadoes touched down with the 
most devastating, an F4 tornado, which demolished a large section of Belmond with 6 killed, 172 injured 
and $12 million damages.  (Intellicast)
  ...1981...Four days of heavy rain across northern Texas and southern Oklahoma came to an end.  The 
heaviest rains fell in a band from southwest of Abilene, TX to McAlester, OK, with up to 26 inches reported 
north of Gainesville, in north central Texas.  The heavy rains were the result of decaying Hurricane Norma, 
which also spawned thirteen tornadoes across the region.  Seven deaths were attributed to the flooding.  
(Storm Data)
  ...1984...Dense fog contributed to a 118 vehicle accident on I-94, just south of Milwaukee, WI.  It was the 
seventh day of an eight day stretch of dense fog.  At the time of the accident the visibility was reportedly 
close to zero.  (Storm Data)
  ...1987...Sixteen cities, mostly in the Appalachian Region, reported record low temperatures for the date.  
Record lows included 43 degrees at Lake Charles, LA, 35 degrees at Augusta, GA, and 27 degrees at 
Asheville, NC.  Gale force winds buffeted the Carolina coast.  Light snow fell across parts of Wyoming, 
Colorado, and western South Dakota.  (The National Weather Summary)
  ...1988...Forty cities in the eastern U.S. reported record low temperatures for the date.  Elkins, WV was the 
cold spot in the nation with a record low of 18 degrees above zero.  Thunderstorms in Arizona drenched 
Phoenix with nine inches of rain in nine hours, the fifth highest total for any given day in ninety-two years 
of records.  Carefree, AZ was soaked with two inches of rain.  (The National Weather Summary)
  ...1989...Thunderstorms produced severe weather over Michigan during the morning, and over New York 
State and Connecticut during the afternoon and evening hours.  Thunderstorms spawned two tornadoes, and 
there were ninety reports of large hail or damaging winds, including seventy reports of damaging winds in 
New York State.  A tornado at McDonough, NY killed one person and injured three other people.  Strong 
thunderstorm winds gusted to 105 mph at Somerset.  Temperatures warmed into the 80s and lower 90s over 
much of the nation east of the Rockies, with eleven cities reporting record high temperatures for the date.  
Afternoon highs of 81 degrees at Beckley, WV and Bluefield, WV equaled October records.  (Storm Data) 
(The National Weather Summary)


 15 OCTOBER
 THE WEATHER NOTEBOOK 10/15/98
 We hope you enjoy The Weather Notebook. Please forward this to friends and family who you think might like to get 
it. Tell them they can sign up at http://theweathercompany.com/subscribeme.html
 On this day, October 15th, in ..
 ---1880 - Earliest blizzard on record in Iowa. 7 inches of snow fell and was whipped into 10-15 foot drifts by the 70 
mph winds.
 ---1947 - People question attempts to weaken a hurricane by seeding it with dry ice after it makes an unexpected turn 
off the coast and makes landfall near Savannah Georgia.
 ---1954 - Hurricane Hazel made landfall near Cape Fear NC as a category 4 storm with top winds of 150 mph. 
Minimum pressure was 28.47 inches. A storm surge of 18 feet caused extreme destruction along the North Carolina 
Coast.  300 homes vanished without a trace at Long Island NC. After the storm, no fishing pier was left standing from 
Myrtle Beach, SC to Cedar Island, NC.  The storm quickly lost tropical characteristics after moving inland, but still 
brought high winds to the mid Atlantic states and flooding all the way to Toronto Canada. Washington DC recorded a 
wind gust to 98 mph. 98 people died in the storm. Damages totaled $251 million.
 ---1987 - Unseasonably cold weather continued in the eastern U.S., with thirteen cities reporting record low 
temperatures for the date.  The low of 34 degrees at Montgomery AL was their coldest reading of record for so early in 
the season. Lows of 32 degrees at Harrisburg PA and 34 degrees at Parkersburg WV marked their third straight 
morning of record cold.
 ---1989 - Hurricane Jerry made landfall at Galveston TX at 6:30 PM (CDT).  Winds at the Galveston Airport reached 
75 mph, with gusts to 100 mph. Tides along the island were six to eight feet, and rainfall totals ranged up to slightly 
more than six inches north of Beaumont. Three persons were killed when their vehicle was blown off the Galveston 
seawall into the pounding surf. Total damage along the Upper Texas Coast was estimated at fifteen million dollars. 
Thunderstorms produced severe weather in Lower Michigan during the late morning. Two persons were injured when a 
tree fell on their camper at the Traverse City State park. While strong northerly winds ushered much colder air into the 
central U.S., unseasonably warm weather continued in the south central and eastern U.S. The afternoon high of 82 
degrees at Bluefield WV was a record for October.
 ---1988 - The cold high pressure system responsible for the record low temperatures in the eastern U.S. began to move 
out to sea, giving way to a trend toward "Indian Summer". Thunderstorms developing ahead of a cold front produced 
golf ball size hail at Altamont KS and hail two inches in diameter at Yates City IL.
  ...1876...Snow fell in the rear of a coastal storm from Virginia to New England.  New York City had its 
earliest 32 degree temperature and 1/2 inch of snow.  Fall River, MA had 3.5 inches of snow.  (Intellicast)
  ...1880...A violent early season blizzard raked Iowa, Minnesota and the Dakotas.  Northwest Iowa received 7 
inches of snow.  Winds gusted to 70 mph at Yankton, SD, and snow drifts 10 to 15 feet high were reported 
in northwest Iowa and southeast South Dakota.  Saint Paul, MN reported a barometric pressure of 28.65 
inches on the 16th.  Railroads were blocked by drifts of snow which remained throughout the severe winter 
to follow.  Gales did extensive damage to ships on the Great Lakes.  (15th-16th) (David Ludlum) (The 
Weather Channel)
  ...1947...A hurricane made a hairpin turn off the Georgia coast after being seeded with dry ice.  The storm 
moved over Savannah and into Georgia.  (Intellicast)
  ...1954...Hurricane Hazel struck the Carolina coastline near Cape Fear, NC.  The hurricane (a category 4 
storm on the Saffir-Simpson Scale) demolished every pier along a 170 mile stretch from Myrtle Beach, SC 
to Cedar Island, NC, and obliterated entire lines of beach homes.  At Long Beach, 300 homes vanished, no 
debris remained.  Hurricane Hazel also destroyed 1500 homes as it moved inland with seventeen foot tides.  
Winds between Myrtle Beach, SC and Cape Fear, NC gusted to 150 mph.  As the storm came inland it 
quickly transformed into a powerful extratropical storm and raced north northwestward though the mid-
Atlantic states.  Washington, DC had a record sustained wind of 78 mph with gusts to 98 mph.  Hurricane 
Hazel caused 163 million dollars damage, and claimed the lives of 98 persons.  (David Ludlum) (The 
Weather Channel)
  ...1965...Fort Lauderdale, FL was deluged with 25.28 inches of rain in a 48 hour period causing 
considerable road and street damage and inundating numerous recently planted vegetable fields and homes. 
(Intellicast)
  ...1987...Unseasonably cold weather continued in the eastern U.S., with thirteen cities reporting record low 
temperatures for the date.  The low of 34 degrees at Montgomery, AL was their coldest reading of record for 
so early in the season.  Lows of 32 degrees at Harrisburg, PA and 34 degrees at Parkersburg, WV marked 
their third straight morning of record cold.  (The National Weather Summary)
  ...1988...The cold high pressure system responsible for the record low temperatures in the eastern U.S. 
began to move out to sea, giving way to a trend toward "Indian Summer".  Thunderstorms developing ahead 
of a cold front produced golf ball size hail at Altamont, KS and hail two inches in diameter at Yates City, 
IL.  (Storm Data) (The National Weather Summary)
  ...1989...Hurricane Jerry made landfall at Galveston, TX at 6:30 PM (CDT), on one of the latest dates for a 
storm in this region.  Winds at the Galveston Airport reached 75 mph, with gusts to 100 mph.  Tides along 
the island were six to eight feet, and rainfall totals ranged up to slightly more than six inches north of 
Beaumont.  Three persons were killed when their vehicle was blown off the Galveston seawall into the 
pounding surf.  Total damage along the Upper Texas Coast was estimated at fifteen million dollars.  
Thunderstorms produced severe weather in Lower Michigan during the late morning.  Two persons were 
injured when a tree fell on their camper at the Traverse City State Park.  While strong northerly winds 
ushered much colder air into the central U.S., unseasonably warm weather continued in the south central 
and eastern U.S.  The afternoon high of 82 degrees at Bluefield, WV was a record for October.  (The 
National Weather Summary) (Storm Data)


 16 OCTOBER
 THE WEATHER NOTEBOOK 10/16/98
 On this day, October 16th, in ..
 ---1880 - Early season blizzard strikes South Dakota and Minnesota.  Railroads are blocked by the extremely high 
drifts and shipping damage caused on Great Lakes.
 ---1913 - San Francisco reached 101 to tie a record high for the date.
 ---1937 - A storm in Minnesota and Iowa produces 10 inches of snow.
 ---1987 - Ten cities in the southeastern U.S. reported record low temperatures for the date. The low of 34 degrees at 
Augusta GA marked their third straight morning of record cold. A cold front brought showers and thunderstorms to 
parts of the central U.S. Lightning struck a bull and six cows under a tree near Battiest OK.
 ---1988 - Late afternoon thunderstorms produced severe weather in southwestern Lower Michigan and northern 
Indiana. One thunderstorm spawned a tornado north of Nappanee IN which caused half a million dollars damage. Six 
cities in California reported record high temperatures for the date. The afternoon high of 100 degrees at Red Bluff CA 
was the latest such reading of record for so late in the autumn season.
 ---1989 - Heavy snow blanketed the foothills of Colorado. Up to three inches was reported around Denver. Echo Lake 
was buried under nineteen inches of snow. Temperatures again warmed into the 80s and lower 90s in the eastern and 
south central U.S. Thirteen cities reported record high temperatures for the date, including Atlantic City NJ with a 
reading of 84 degrees.
  ...1880...A blizzard struck eastern South Dakota and southern Minnesota blocking railroads.  Snow drifts 
remained throughout the following very hard winter. (Intellicast)
  ...1913...The temperature in Downtown San Francisco soared to 101 degrees to equal their record for 
October.  (The Weather Channel)
  ...1937...An unlikely winter-like storm produced as much as ten inches of snow in Minnesota and Iowa.
  ...1987...Ten cities in the southeastern U.S. reported record low temperatures for the date.  The low of 34 
degrees at Augusta, GA marked their third straight morning of record cold.  A cold front brought showers 
and thunderstorms to parts of the central U.S.  Lightning struck a bull and six cows under a tree near 
Battiest, OK.  (The National Weather Summary)
  ...1988...Late afternoon thunderstorms produced severe weather in southwestern Lower Michigan and 
northern Indiana.  One thunderstorm spawned a tornado north of Nappanee, IN which caused half a million 
dollars damage.  Six cities in California reported record high temperatures for the date.  The afternoon high 
of 100 degrees at Red Bluff, CA was the latest such reading of record for so late in the autumn season.  (The 
National Weather Summary) (Storm Data)
  ...1989...Heavy snow blanketed the foothills of Colorado.  Up to three inches was reported around Denver.  
Echo Lake was buried under nineteen inches of snow.  Temperatures again warmed into the 80s and lower 
90s in the eastern and south central U.S.  Thirteen cities reported record high temperatures for the date, 
including Atlantic City, NJ with a reading of 84 degrees.  (Storm Data) (The National Weather Summary)


 17 OCTOBER
 THE WEATHER NOTEBOOK 10/17/98
 We hope you enjoy The Weather Notebook. Please forward this to friends and family who you think might like to get 
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 On this day, October 17th, in .. 
 ---1781 - General Cornwallis attempted to escape encirclement by crossing York River, "but a violent storm arose" 
dispersing his boats causing him to ask for an armistice.
 ---1910 - A hurricane made a loop off the southwest coast of Florida. Winds above 100 mph were reported at Fort 
Myers FL, and the barometric pressure at Sand Key reached 28.40 inches. 
 ---1950 - Small but powerful Hurricane King struck Miami FL. The hurricane packs winded to 122 mph, with gusts to 
150 mph. Hurricane King then moved up the Florida peninsula to Georgia. Four persons were killed and damage was 
28 million dollars.
 ---1971 - Great balls of fire were observed just ahead of a tornado moving down the main street of Wray CO. However, 
little other electrical activity accompanied the storm. Nine persons were injured in the tornado, all at a trailer court at 
the edge of town. 
 ---1984 - A snowstorm struck northern Utah producing a record 18 inches in 24 hours at Salt Lake City, and 40 inches 
at the nearby Alta Ski Resort. The town of Magna, located ten miles west of Salt Lake City, did not receive any snow 
at all. The storm was responsible for a fifty vehicle pile-up along Interstate 15 near Farmington UT. 
 ---1988 - Thunderstorms produced severe weather in the Middle Mississippi Valley and the Lower Ohio Valley. Severe 
thunderstorms spawned three tornadoes in Indiana, including one which injured four persons. Strong thunderstorm 
winds at Connerville IND caused three million dollars damage.  Thunderstorms in Illinois produced hail two inches in 
diameter Colfax. 
 ---1989 - Showers and thunderstorms representing the remnants of Hurricane Jerry deluged southeast Kentucky with 
four to six inches of rain in 18 to 24 hours, resulting in widespread flash flooding. Flooding resulted in more than five 
million dollars damage. Temperatures again warmed into the 80s and lower 90s in the southeastern U.S. Lakeland FL 
and Orlando FL reported record highs of 95 degrees.
 THE WEATHER NOTEBOOK 10/17/99
 On this date in ....
 *1910 - Hurricane makes unusual loop off the southwest coast of Florida. The storm's eye passed just west of Key 
West and then made landfall near Cape Romano. At Sand Key, FL, the barometer dropped to 28.40 inches with winds 
estimated to 125 mph. Fort Myers measured winds in excess of 100 mph.
 *1935 - First of 176 days with a minimum temperature at or below 32 degrees at Langdon, ND. This stands as the 
record for the United States.
 *1950 - Small, but powerful Hurricane King made landfall near Miami, FL. Winds were sustained at 122 mph with 
gusts to 150 mph in Miami. Reconnaissance during the day indicated that the hurricane had winds in excess of 100 
mph, but because it was so small, it weaved through the observation network of the Keys and Florida Straits, and 
forecasters believed its intensity had either dropped or been overestimated. It turned out they were wrong. The tornado-
like hurricane caused damage totaling $28 million.
 *1984 - 18 inches of snow fell in Salt Lake City. 40 inches fell at nearby Alta. The record setting snow caused a 50 car 
pile up along Interstate 15.
 *1988 - Four inches of rain fell during a short time at Fort Wayne, IN, causing extensive flooding.
 *1989 - The remnants of Hurricane Jerry caused widespread across Kentucky as heavy rains of 4 to 6 inches fell across 
the southeast part of the state.  Damage totaled $5 million.
 *1991 - Sleet fell in the Blue Ridge Mountains as a major coastal storm causing extensive coastal flooding from North 
Carolina to Massachusetts.
 *1998 - Torrential rains over south and southeast Texas during the weekend of the 17th and 18th led to widespread and 
deadly flooding. A total of 31 people died during this event, and property damage estimates approached three quarters 
of a billion dollars. At least 17 of the drowning victims were in vehicles which were either driven into water or were 
swept away by rapidly rising water. Up to 22 inches of rain fell which first resulted in deadly flash flooding from San 
Antonio to Austin followed by record breaking river floods along several south Texas rivers the following week. The 
peak flood stages that would occur following the event at 15 locations were the highest ever. The rainfall was not 
associated with a tropical system, but had rainfall amounts reminiscent of some of the worst hurricanes and tropical 
storms. 11.26 inches of rain fell in San Antonio, TX to establish their all-time record for most rainfall in a single day. 
The amount would contribute to the monthly total of 18.07 inches of rain in the Alamo City, which made October 1998 
their wettest month ever.
  ...1781...General Cornwallis attempted to escape encirclement by crossing York River, "but a violent storm 
arose" dispersing his boats causing him to ask for an armistice.  (Sandra and TI Richard Sanders - 1987)
  ...1910...A hurricane made a loop off the southwest coast of Florida.  Winds above 100 mph were reported at 
Fort Myers, FL and the barometric pressure at Sand Key reached 28.40 inches.  (David Ludlum)
  ...1950...Small but powerful Hurricane King struck Miami, FL.  The hurricane packed sustained winds to 
122 mph, with gusts to 150 mph.  Hurricane King then moved up the Florida peninsula to Georgia.  Four 
persons were killed and damage was 28 million dollars.  (David Ludlum) (The Weather Channel)
  ...1971...Great balls of fire were observed just ahead of a tornado moving down the main street of Wray, CO.  
However, little other electrical activity accompanied the storm.  Nine persons were injured in the tornado, 
all at a trailer court at the edge of town.  (The Weather Channel)
  ...1984...A snowstorm struck northern Utah producing a record 18 inches in 24 hours at Salt Lake City and 
40 inches at the nearby Alta Ski Resort.  The town of Magna, located ten miles west of Salt Lake City, did 
not receive any snow at all.  The storm was responsible for a fifty vehicle pile-up along Interstate 15 near 
Farmington, UT.  (Storm Data)
  ...1987...It was a great day for an Oktoberfest, or to enjoy the colors of autumn, as much of the nation 
enjoyed sunny and mild weather.  Columbia, SC dipped to 34 degrees, marking their third morning in a row 
of record cold.  Bakersfield, CA reached 80 degrees for the 143rd day in a row to break a record established 
in 1940.  (The National Weather Summary)
  ...1988...Thunderstorms produced severe weather in the Middle Mississippi Valley and the Lower Ohio 
Valley.  Severe thunderstorms spawned three tornadoes in Indiana, including one which injured four 
persons.  Strong thunderstorm winds at Connerville, IN caused three million dollars damage.  
Thunderstorms in Illinois produced hail two inches in diameter Colfax.  (The National Weather Summary) 
(Storm Data)
  ...1989...Showers and thunderstorms representing the remnants of Hurricane Jerry deluged southeast 
Kentucky with four to six inches of rain in 18 to 24 hours, resulting in widespread flash flooding.  Flooding 
resulted in more than five million dollars damage.  Temperatures again warmed into the 80s and lower 90s 
in the southeastern U.S.  Lakeland, FL and Orlando, FL reported record highs of 95 degrees.  (The National 
Weather Summary) (Storm Data)


 18 OCTOBER
 THE WEATHER NOTEBOOK 10/18/98
 We hope you enjoy The Weather Notebook. Please forward this to friends and family who you think might like to get 
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 On this day, October 18th, in ..
 ---1906 - Hurricane moves through the Florida Keys and the Miami area. 124 people were killed in the Keys.
 ---1910 - Northeast winds circulating around a hurricane push the water out of Tampa Bay, grounding 40 ships.
 ---1916 - Hurricane eye passes over Pensacola FL with winds of 114 mph.
 ---1930 - 48 inches of snow just south of Buffalo NY and 47 inches at Gouveneur NY in a huge lake effect snowstorm.
 ---1948 - Birmingham AL earliest freeze (Morning low was 31 degrees)
 ---1987 - Thunderstorms in northeastern Texas produced golf ball size hail at Atlanta, along with wind gusts to 86 mph, 
and four inches of rain. Damage from the storm was estimated at more than a million dollars. Sunny and mild weather 
continued across much of the rest of the nation.
 ---1988 - Eight cities in the southwestern U.S. reported record high temperatures for the date, including Red Bluff CA 
with a reading of 96 degrees.
 1989 - Unseasonably cold air began to invade the central and eastern U.S.  Light snow fell across northern Maine, and 
snow was also reported in the Great Lakes Region, including the Chicago area. Bismarck ND was the cold spot in the 
nation with a low of 9 degrees above zero. Five cities in Florida reported record high readings for the date, as 
temperatures warmed above 80 degrees. Miami FL reported a record high of 90 degrees. 
 ---1994 - Massive flooding comes to a close in southeast Texas. Up to 20 inches of rain fell over a widespread area. 
The maximum amount recorded was over thirty inches at Liberty Texas. 18 people were killed. 13,000 people had to 
flee their homes and 22,000 homes were damaged are destroyed. Total damage $900 million.
 1996 - Tropical Storm Warnings were lowered along with shutters in the Florida Keys as Hurricane Lili passed the 
state by heading for the Bahamas.  Many places in South Florida were under water from several days of heavy rain. 
  ...1906...A hurricane struck South Florida drowning 124 persons stranded in the Florida Keys.  (David 
Ludlum)
  ...1910...Northeasterly winds as high as 70 mph (from a hurricane moving northward up the Florida 
peninsula) carried water out of Tampa Bay and the Hillsboro River.  The water level lowered to nine feet 
below mean low water.  Forty ships were grounded.  (The Weather Channel)
  ...1930...A big early season lake effect snowburst on the lee shores of Lake Erie and Lake Ontario produced 
47 inches at Governeur, NY and 48 inches just south of Buffalo.  (David Ludlum)
  ...1984...Heavy snow began falling late on the 17th at Salt Lake City and when it ended, 18.4 inches fell, 
setting a new 24 hour snowfall record.  40 inches fell at Alta in the Wasatch Range.  (Intellicast)
  ...1987...Thunderstorms in northeastern Texas produced golf ball size hail at Atlanta, along with wind gusts 
to 86 mph, and four inches of rain.  Damage from the storm was estimated at more than a million dollars.  
Sunny and mild weather continued across much of the rest of the nation.  (The National Weather Summary) 
(Storm Data)
  ...1988...Eight cities in the southwestern U.S. reported record high temperatures for the date, including Red 
Bluff, CA with a reading of 96 degrees.  (The National Weather Summary)
  ...1989...Unseasonably cold air began to invade the central and eastern U.S.  Light snow fell across northern 
Maine, and snow was also reported in the Great Lakes Region, including the Chicago area.  Bismarck, ND 
was the cold spot in the nation with a low of 9 degrees above zero.  Five cities in Florida reported record 
high readings for the date, as temperatures warmed above 80 degrees.  Miami, FL reported a record high of 
90 degrees.  (The National Weather Summary)
  ...1991...3.9 inches of snow fell at Rochester, MN the greatest ever so early in the season.  (Intellicast)
  ...1994...A tremendous four day rain came to an end in southeast Texas.  Ten to twenty inches of rain were 
widespread with 30.50 inches reported at Liberty, TX.  Massive flooding occurred with 18 lives lost, 13,000 
evacuated, 22,000 homes destroyed or damaged.  Total damage was $900 million.   (Intellicast)


 19 OCTOBER
 THE WEATHER NOTEBOOK 10/19/98
 We hope you enjoy The Weather Notebook. Please forward this to friends and family who you think might like to get 
it. Tell them they can sign up at http://theweathercompany.com/subscribeme.html
 On this day in ..
 1749 - Hurricane strikes the Virginia coast creating Willoughby Spit on the Norfolk shore. It also demolished Fort 
George.
 1844 - The famous " Lower Great lakes Storm" with hurricane force winds for five hours drove water from Lake Erie 
into downtown Buffalo. 200 people were drowned.
 1961 - Early snows in mountains of West Virginia, where 1-2 feet of snow fell near Summersville and Richwood WV. 
Many trees still in full foliage were felled by the weight of the snow.
 1984 - Thunderstorms deluged the town of Odem TX (located 15 miles northwest of Corpus Christi) with 25 inches of 
rain in just three and a half hours. Most businesses in Odem were flooded, as were 1000 homes in nearby Sinton.
 1987 - A cold front brought rainshowers to parts of the central U.S., and ushered cool Canadian air into the Great 
Plains Region. Daytime highs were only in the 30s in North Dakota and eastern Montana.
 1988 - Thunderstorms produced high winds in eastern Colorado, with gusts to 63 mph reported at La Junta.
 1989 - Record breaking snows fell across northern and central Indiana.  Totals ranged up to 10.5 inches at Kokomo, 
and 9.3 inches was reported at Indianapolis. The 8.8 inch total at South Bend was a record for the month as a whole. 
Up to seven inches of snow fell in extreme southern Lower Michigan, and up to six inches fell in southwestern Ohio. 
The heavy wet snow downed many trees and power lines. Half the city of Cincinnati OH was without electricity during 
the morning hours. Temperatures dipped below freezing across much of the Great Plains Region. Twenty cities, 
including fourteen in Texas, reported record low temperatures for the date. North Platte NE reported a record low of 11 
degrees. In Florida, four cities reported record high temperatures for the date. The record high of 92 degrees at Miami 
also marked a recordfourteen days of 90 degree weather in October, and 116 such days for the year.
 1996 - Opening game of World Series postponed by heavy rains and high wind from a major storm system affecting the 
east coast. It marks the third time in history that the World Series opener has been postponed.  Game One of the 1979 
Series between the Pittsburgh Pirates and Baltimore Orioles and the opener of the 1918 World Series between Boston 
and Chicago (NL) were postponed due to rain. The last time a Series opener was postponed was 1979, when rain and 
snow in Baltimore made the Orioles and Pittsburgh wait a day. Overall, nine of the 22 games that have been delayed in 
Series history were wiped in New York or Brooklyn. The storm flooded highways and some homes and knocked out 
power to more than 200,000 in New Jersey, New York and Connecticut.
 1996 - Hurricane Lili moves into the Bahamas with wind gusts of 105 mph after killing eight people in Central America 
earlier in the week, the storm struck Cuba with winds of 90 mph. There, it unleashed 12 inches of rain, toppled dozens 
of buildings and sent thousands fleeing, but was blamed for only one injury - a man hit by a falling tree.
 THE WEATHER NOTEBOOK 10/19/99
 On this date in ....
 *1749 - Hurricane strikes the Virginia coast creating Willoughby Spit on the Norfolk shore. It also demolished Fort 
George.
 *1844 - Hurricane force winds drove water from Lake Erie into downtown Buffalo. 200 people were drowned.
 *1961 - Early snows in mountains of West Virginia, where 1-2 feet of snow fell near Summersville and Richwood WV. 
Many trees still in full foliage were felled by the weight of the snow. Rain changed to a record early, heavy, wet snow 
over the southern mountains of West Virginia. Leaves were still on trees, resulting in the worst forest disaster since the 
fires of 1952-53.
 *1984 - An amazing 25 inches of rain fell in just 3 hours at Odem, TX (northwest of Corpus Christi. Many businesses 
and homes were flooded.
 *1989 - Early record setting snows over Indiana included 10.5 inches at Kokomo and 9.3 inches at Indianapolis. 8.8 
inches fell at South Bend IN to establish a new record for any October. Power was knocked out for most of the 
morning to half of the population in Cincinnati OH
 *1990 - Tornado damages apartment complex and shopping center near Baltimore, MD.
 *1996 - Opening game of World Series postponed by heavy rains and high wind from a major storm system affecting 
the east coast. It marks the third time in history that the World Series opener has been postponed. Game One of the 
1979 Series between the Pittsburgh Pirates and Baltimore Orioles and the opener of the 1918 World Series between 
Boston and Chicago (NL) were postponed due to rain. The last time a Series opener was postponed was 1979, when 
rain and snow in Baltimore made the Orioles and Pittsburgh wait a day. Overall, nine of the 22 games that have been 
delayed in Series history were wiped in New York or Brooklyn. The storm flooded highways and some homes and 
knocked out power to more than 200,000 in New Jersey, New York and Connecticut. In New York, the power outages 
were said to be the worst since Hurricane Gloria in 1985. Three people were killed by falling trees. More than 8 inches 
of rain fell in parts of New Jersey and a record 4.35 inches fell in Central Park. In Boston, parts of the Head of the 
Charles rowing competition had to be cancelled. A Delta Airlines jet skidded off a runway at LaGuardia Airport 
injuring 5 people and forcing the closure of the airport for nearly 24 hours.
 *1996 - Hurricane Lili slams into the Bahamas with winds of 95 mph, hitting the village of Georgetown on the Island 
of Exuma. 
  ...1844...The famous "Lower Great Lakes Storm" hit the Buffalo, NY and Toronto, Ontario area.  
Southwesterly winds were at hurricane force for five hours, driving lake waters into downtown Buffalo, NY.  
The storm drowned 200 persons.  (David Ludlum)
  ...1961...Rain changed to a record early season, heavy wet snow over the southern mountains of West 
Virginia.  Leaves were still on trees, resulting in the worst forest disaster since the fires of 1952 and 1953.  
One to two feet of snow fell near Summersville and Richwood.  (19th-20th) (The Weather Channel)
  ...1984...Thunderstorms deluged the town of Odem, TX (located 15 miles northwest of Corpus Christi) with 
25 inches of rain in just three and a half hours.  Most businesses in Odem were flooded, as were 1000 homes 
in nearby Sinton.  (The Weather Channel)
  ...1987...A cold front brought rainshowers to parts of the central U.S., and ushered cool Canadian air into 
the Great Plains Region.  Daytime highs were only in the 30s in North Dakota and eastern Montana.  (The 
National Weather Summary)
  ...1988...Thunderstorms produced high winds in eastern Colorado, with gusts to 63 mph reported at La 
Junta.  (Storm Data) (The National Weather Summary)
  ...1989...Record breaking snows fell across northern and central Indiana.  Totals ranged up to 10.5 inches at 
Kokomo, and 9.3 inches was reported at Indianapolis.  The 8.8 inch total at South Bend was a record for the 
month as a whole.  Up to seven inches of snow fell in extreme southern Lower Michigan, and up to six 
inches fell in southwestern Ohio.  The heavy wet snow downed many trees and power lines.  Half the city of 
Cincinnati, OH was without electricity during the morning hours.  Temperatures dipped below freezing 
across much of the Great Plains Region.  Twenty cities, including fourteen in Texas, reported record low 
temperatures for the date.  North Platte, NE reported a record low of 11 degrees.  In Florida, four cities 
reported record high temperatures for the date.  The record high of 92 degrees at Miami also marked a 
record fourteen days of 90 degree weather in October, and 116 such days for the year.  (The National 
Weather Summary)


 20 OCTOBER
 THE WEATHER NOTEBOOK 10/20/98
 We hope you enjoy The Weather Notebook. Please forward this to friends and family who you think might like to get 
it. Tell them they can sign up at http://theweathercompany.com/subscribeme.html
 On this day, October 20th, in ..
 ---1770 - An exceedingly great storm struck eastern New England causing extensive coastal damage from 
Massachusetts to Maine, and the highest tide in 47 years.
 ---1983 - The remnants of Pacific Hurricane Tico moved over Oklahoma, dumping up to a foot of rain in some areas. 
Shawnee picked up 14 inches.
 ---1987 - Cold arctic air invaded the Upper Midwest, and squalls in the Lake Superior snowbelt produced heavy snow 
in eastern Ashland County and northern Iron County of Wisconsin. Totals ranged up to 18 inches at Mellen. In the 
western U.S., the record high of 69 degrees at Seattle WA was their twenty-fifth of the year, their highest number of 
record highs for any given year. Bakersfield CA reported a record 146 days in a row with daily highs 80 degrees or 
above.
 ---1988 - Unseasonably warm weather continued in the western U.S. In California, afternoon highs of 96 degrees at 
Redding and Red Bluff were records for the date
 ---1989 - Forty-nine cities reported record low temperatures for the date as readings dipped into the 20s and 30s across 
much of the south central and southeastern U.S. Lows of 32 degrees at Lake Charles LA and 42 degrees at Lakeland FL 
were records for October, and Little Rock AR reported their earliest freeze of record. Snow blanketed the higher 
elevations of Georgia and the Carolinas. Melbourne FL dipped to 47 degrees shortly before midnight to surpass the 
record low established that morning. Showers and thunderstorms brought heavy rain to parts of the northeastern U.S. 
Autumn leaves on the ground clogged drains and ditches causing flooding. Up to 4.10 inches of rain soaked southern 
Vermont in three days. Flood waters washed 600 feet of railroad track, resulting in a train derailment.
 ---1996 - A powerful storm pounded New England from the 20th to the 22nd.  After forcing postponement of the first 
game of the World Series in New York on Saturday the 19th, the storm produces unprecedented rainfalls over Maine.  
12 to 19 inches of rain fell from Massachusetts to Maine, causing severe flooding. 19.19 inches of rain fell at Camp 
Ellis ME and 19.00 inches fell at Gorham MA.
  ...1770...An exceedingly great storm struck eastern New England causing extensive coastal damage from 
Massachusetts to Maine, and the highest tide in 47 years.  (David Ludlum)
  ...1983...Remnants of Pacific Hurricane Tico caused extensive flooding in central and south central 
Oklahoma with as much as 14 inches reported at Shawnee.  Oklahoma City set daily rainfall records with 
1.45 inch on the 19th, and 6.28 inches on the 20th.  (17th-21st) (The Weather Channel) (Intellicast)
  ...1987...Cold arctic air invaded the Upper Midwest, and squalls in the Lake Superior snowbelt produced 
heavy snow in eastern Ashland County and northern Iron County of Wisconsin.  Totals ranged up to 18 
inches at Mellen.  In the western U.S., the record high of 69 degrees at Seattle, WA was their twenty-fifth of 
the year, their highest number of record highs for any given year.  Bakersfield, CA reported a record 146 
days in a row with daily highs 80 degrees or above.  (The National Weather Summary) (Storm Data)
  ...1988...Unseasonably warm weather continued in the western U.S.  In California, afternoon highs of 96 
degrees at Redding and Red Bluff were records for the date.  (The National Weather Summary)
  ...1989...Forty-nine cities reported record low temperatures for the date as readings dipped into the 20s and 
30s across much of the south central and southeastern U.S.  Lows of 32 degrees at Lake Charles, LA and 42 
degrees at Lakeland, FL were records for October, and Little Rock, AR reported their earliest freeze of 
record.  Snow blanketed the higher elevations of Georgia and the Carolinas.  Melbourne, FL dipped to 47 
degrees shortly before midnight to surpass the record low established that morning.  Showers and 
thunderstorms brought heavy rain to parts of the northeastern U.S.  Autumn leaves on the ground clogged 
drains and ditches causing flooding.  Up to 4.10 inches of rain soaked southern Vermont in three days.  
Flood waters washed 600 feet of railroad track, resulting in a train derailment.  (The National Weather 
Summary)(Storm Data)


 21 OCTOBER
 THE WEATHER NOTEBOOK 10/21/98
 We hope you enjoy The Weather Notebook. Please forward this to friends and family who you think might like to get 
it. Tell them they can sign up at
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 On this day, October 21, in...
 ---1743 - Benjamin Franklin makes the revolutionary discovery that the wind in storm systems rotate in a counter 
clockwise direction. Franklin was waiting in Philadelphia that night to view a lunar eclipse, but had his opportunity 
foiled by a nor'easter that blocked the sky with clouds.  Franklin later discovered that his brother in Boston was able to 
observe the eclipse clearly and that the storm did not arrive at his location until four hours later. It puzzled Franklin 
that the system seemed to move from southwest to northeast even though winds at his location were from the 
northeast. He theorized that the winds in the storm system must have been rotating around a center. A brilliant 
deduction considering he had no satellite to show him the big picture!
 ---1934 - Big Storm in the Pacific Northwest causes $1.7 million in damage and 22 deaths. Winds of 87 mph were 
measured and waves reached 20 feet even on inland waters.
 ---1957 - Southern California is struck by second in series of October storms. East Los Angeles had hail drifting up to 
18 inches high. Heavy rains accompanied the system. Waterspouts were sighted off the coast near Oceanside.
 ---1975 - After three consecutive days of being postponed by rain, the sixth game of the 1975 World Series was finally 
played in Boston. Boston beat Cincinnati in a thrilling game that is generally regarded as the most exciting World 
Series game ever.
 ---1984 - Large hailstorm strikes Austin, Texas causing 15 million in damage. Damage path was 5 miles wide and 20 
miles long.
 ---1987 - Cold arctic air continued to invade the central U.S. Eleven record lows were reported in the Great Plains 
Region, including lows of 12 degrees at Valentine NE, and 9 degrees at Aberdeen SD. Temperatures warmed rapidly 
during the day in the Southern and Central Plains Region. Goodland KS warmed from a morning low of 24 degrees to 
an afternoon high of 75 degrees.
 ---1988 - Joan, the last hurricane of the season, neared the coast of Nicaragua packing 125 mph winds. Joan claimed 
more than 200 lives as she moved over Central America, and total damage approached 1.5 billion dollars.  Crossing 
more than 40 degrees of longitude, Hurricane Joan never strayed even one degree from the 12 degree north parallel.
 ---1989 - Unseasonably cold weather continued to grip the south central and southeastern U.S. Twenty cities reported 
record low temperatures for the date, including Calico AR with a reading of 26 degrees, and Daytona Beach FL with a 
low of 41 degrees. Squalls in the Great Lakes Region finally came to an end, but not before leaving Marquette MI 
buried under 12.7 inches of snow, a record 24 hour total for October.
 ---1996 - States of emergency were declared in Massachusetts, New Hampshire and Maine after a powerful coastal 
storm dumped over a foot of rain causing massive flooding. Portland ME recorded 7.92 inches of rainfall in 24 hours to 
set their rainfall record.
 THE WEATHER NOTEBOOK 10/21/99
 On this date in ....
 *1492 - Fine weather greeted Columbus as he made landfall in the New World. His first voyage was a successful one 
weather-wise, completely free of hurricanes.
 *1743 - Benjamin Franklin makes the revolutionary discovery that the wind in storm systems rotate in a counter 
clockwise direction. Franklin was waiting in Philadelphia that night to view a lunar eclipse, but had his opportunity 
foiled by a nor'easter that blocked the sky with clouds. Franklin later discovered that his brother in Boston was able to 
observe the eclipse clearly and that the storm did not arrive at his location until four hours later. It puzzled Franklin 
that the system seemed to move from southwest to northeast even though winds at his location were from the 
northeast. He theorized that the winds in the storm system must have been rotating around a center. A brilliant 
deduction considering he had no satellite to show his the big picture!
 *1780 - Spanish Admiral Solano was enroute from Havana to Pensacola in October 1780 to capture the important port 
city. The third major hurricane of the month swept north through the Gulf of Mexico catching and scattering the fleet of 
64 warships.
 *1934 - Big Storm in the Pacific Northwest causes $1.7 million in damage and 22 deaths. Winds of 87 mph were 
measured and waves reached 20 feet even on inland waters.
 *1957 - Southern California is struck by second in series of October storms.  East Los Angeles had hail drifting up to 
18 inches high. Heavy rains accompanied the system. Waterspouts were sighted off the coast near Oceanside.
 *1975 - After three consecutive days of being postponed by rain, the sixth game of the 1975 World Series was finally 
played in Boston. Boston beat Cincinnati in a thrilling game that is generally regarded as the most exciting World 
Series game ever.
 *1984 - Hail as large as hens' eggs pounded Travis County and the city of Austin, Texas, causing over $14 million in 
damage. Car dealers reported that every car on their lots was damaged by hail in some cases. The hail fell along a path 
5 miles wide and 20 miles long.  
 *1987 - The temperature at Goodland, KS warmed from a chilly morning low of 24 degrees to an afternoon high of 75 
degrees.
 *1988 - Nicaragua was lashed by 125 mph winds from Hurricane Juan. The storm caused $1.5 billion in damage and 
killed more than 200 people. The most amazing fact about Juan was that the storm traversed over 40 degrees on 
longitude without every varying even one degree from 12 degrees north latitude. Another amazing fact was that the 
hurricane transported African locusts 2000 miles across the Atlantic Ocean to islands in the Caribbean. 
 *1989 - Marquette, MI set its 24 hour snowfall record for October as 12.7 inches fell from snow squalls.
 *1996 - States of emergency were declared in Massachusetts, New Hampshire and Maine after a powerful coastal  
storm dumped over a foot of rain causing massive flooding. Portland, ME recorded 7.92 inches of rainfall in 24 hours 
to set their rainfall record.
 *1998 - A tropical depression formed in the southwest Caribbean Sea, about 360 miles south of Kingston, Jamaica. 
This disturbance would intensify over the next few days to become Hurricane Mitch, a monster storm that would 
eventually become the second deadliest Atlantic hurricane of record, behind "The Great Hurricane" of 1780 in the 
Caribbean.
  ...1934...A severe windstorm lashed the northern Pacific coast.  In Washington State, the storm claimed the 
lives of 22 persons, and caused 1.7 million dollars damage, mostly to timber.  Winds, gusting to 87 mph at 
North Head, WA, produced waves twenty feet high even on the inland waters of Puget Sound and Lake 
Washington.  (David Ludlum)
  ...1957...The second in a series of unusual October storms hit southern California causing widespread 
thunderstorms.  Santa Maria was drenched with 1.13 inches of rain in two hours.  Hail drifted to 18 inches 
in East Los Angeles.  Waterspouts were sighted off Point Mugu and Oceanside.  (20th-21st) (The Weather 
Channel)
  ...1987...Cold arctic air continued to invade the central U.S.  Eleven record lows were reported in the Great 
Plains Region, including lows of 12 degrees at Valentine, NE, and 9 degrees at Aberdeen, SD.  
Temperatures warmed rapidly during the day in the Southern and Central Plains Region.  Goodland, KS 
warmed from a morning low of 24 degrees to an afternoon high of 75 degrees.  (The National Weather 
Summary)
  ...1988...Joan, the last hurricane of the season, neared the coast of Nicaragua packing 125 mph winds.  Joan 
claimed more than 200 lives as she moved over Central America, and total damage approached 1.5 billion 
dollars.  Crossing more than 40 degrees of longitude, Hurricane Joan never strayed even one degree from 
the 12 degree north parallel.  (The National Weather Summary) (Storm Data)
  ...1989...Unseasonably cold weather continued to grip the south central and southeastern U.S.  Twenty cities 
reported record low temperatures for the date, including Calico, AR with a reading of 26 degrees, and 
Daytona Beach, FL with a low of 41 degrees.  Squalls in the Great Lakes Region finally came to an end, but 
not before leaving Marquette, MI buried under 12.7 inches of snow, a record 24 hour total for October.  (The 
National Weather Summary) (Storm Data)


 22 OCTOBER
 THE WEATHER NOTEBOOK 10/22/98
 We hope you enjoy The Weather Notebook. Please forward this to friends and family who you think might like to get 
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 On this day, October 22, in...
 ---1965 - Southern California swelters under a heat wave of record breaking proportions. LA hit at least 100 every day 
from the 20th to the 29th. Smog levels were extremely dangerous. San Diego reached a blistering 104.
 ---1996 - Wichita, Kansas records 0.2 inch of snow. It is the earliest measurable snowfall ever recorded for that 
location. 8 inches fell at Boise City, Oklahoma, and over 15 inches at the Cloudcroft Ski resort in northern New 
Mexico.
 ---1987 - Yakutat AK surpassed their previous all-time yearly precipitation total of 190 inches. Monthly records were 
set in June with 17 inches, in September with 70 inches, and in October with more than 40 inches.  Twenty-two cities 
in the eastern U.S., most of them in the southeast states, reported record low temperatures for the date. Morning lows 
of 30 degrees at Athens GA, 28 degrees at Birmingham AL, and 23 degrees at Pinson AL, were the coldest of record for 
so early in the season.
 ---1988 - A "nor'easter" swept across the coast of New England. Winds gusted to 75 mph, and large waves and high 
tides caused extensive shoreline flooding. A heavy wet snow blanketed much of eastern New York State, with a foot of 
snow reported in Lewis County.
 ---1989 - A storm system moving out of the Gulf of Alaska brought rain to the Northern and Central Pacific Coast 
Region, with snow in some of the mountains of Oregon, and wind gusts to 60 mph along the Oregon coast. Six cities in 
Florida reported record low temperatures for the date, including Tallahassee with a reading of 34 degrees.
 ---1996 - Flooding from a major weekend storm continued to close schools and businesses in New England. Five 
people were killed during the storm, which dumped up to 19.19 inches of rain at Camp Ellis, ME to set the state's all 
time rainfall record. 140,000 people in Portland ME were without water after a pipe broke. The town of Exeter NH was 
also without water as the state experienced its worst flooding event since 1987. People were still in shelters in New 
Kersey, where the flooding was reported to be the worst since Tropical Storm Doria in 1971.
  ...1965...The temperature soared to 104 degrees at San Diego, CA.  Southern California was in the midst of 
a late October heat wave that year.  Los Angeles had ten consecutive days (20th to the 29th) with afternoon 
highs reaching 100 degrees.  (David Ludlum) (The Weather Channel)
  ...1985...A guest on the top floor of a hotel in Seattle, WA was seriously injured while talking on the phone 
when lightning struck.  Several persons are killed each year when the electrical charge from a lightning bolt 
travels via telephone wiring.  (The Weather Channel)
  ...1987...Yakutat, AK surpassed their previous all-time yearly precipitation total of 190 inches.  Monthly 
records were set in June with 17 inches, in September with 70 inches, and in October with more than 40 
inches.  (Sandra and TI Richard Sanders - 1987)
Twenty-two cities in the eastern U.S., most of them in the southeast states, reported record low temperatures 
for the date.  Morning lows of 30 degrees at Athens, GA, 28 degrees at Birmingham, AL, and 23 degrees at 
Pinson, AL, were the coldest of record for so early in the season.  (The National Weather Summary)
Showers produced heavy rain in southern California, with amounts ranging up to five inches at Blue Jay.  
Flash flooding resulted in two deaths, ten injuries, and more than a million dollars damage.  (The National 
Weather Summary) (Storm Data)
  ...1988...A "nor'easter" swept across the coast of New England.  Winds gusted to 75 mph, and large waves 
and high tides caused extensive shoreline flooding.  A heavy wet snow blanketed much of eastern New York 
State, with a foot of snow reported in Lewis County.  (The National Weather Summary) (Storm Data)
  ...1989...A storm system moving out of the Gulf of Alaska brought rain to the Northern and Central Pacific 
Coast Region, with snow in some of the mountains of Oregon, and wind gusts to 60 mph along the Oregon 
coast.  Six cities in Florida reported record low temperatures for the date, including Tallahassee with a 
reading of 34 degrees.  (The National Weather Summary) (Storm Data)


 23 OCTOBER
 THE WEATHER NOTEBOOK 10/23/98
 We hope you enjoy The Weather Notebook. Please forward this to friends and family who you think might like to get 
it. Tell them they can sign up at http://theweathercompany.com/subscribeme.html
 On this day, October 23, in...
 ---1843 - Cold and snow ended what was a delightful Indian summer in the northeast. 4 inches fell at Albany, New 
York. 6 inches fell at Burlington Vermont and a foor fell at Haverhill, New Hamshire. Some drifts were 4 feet high
 ---1947 - Fish fell from the sky in Marksville, Louisiana. Thousands of fish fell from the sky in an area 1,000 feet long 
by 80 feet wide.
 ---1987 - Thirteen cities in the southeastern U.S. reported record low temperatures for the date. It marked the sixth 
record low of the month for Greer SC and Columbia SC, and the ninth of the month for Montgomery AL.  Showers and 
thunderstorms deluged Corpus Christi TX with five inches of rain. Winnemucca NV reported their first measurable rain 
in ninety-two days, while Yakima WA reported a record 96 days in a row without measurable rainfall.
 ---1988 - Denver CO reported their first freeze of the autumn, and Chicago IL reported their first snow. In Texas, 
afternoon highs of 93 degrees at Austin and San Antonio were records for the date.
 ---1989 - A storm moving out of the Gulf of Alaska brought rain and high winds to the Central Pacific Coast Region. 
High winds in Nevada gusted to 67 mph at Reno, and thunderstorms around Redding CA produced wind gusts to 66 
mph. Locally heavy rains in the San Francisco area caused numerous mudslides, adding insult to injury for earthquake 
victims.
 THE WEATHER NOTEBOOK 10/23/99
 On this date in ....
 *1761 - Violent hurricane strikes New England. Tremendous damage in Rhode Island and Massachusetts.
 *1843 - Indian summer gave way to sleigh weather from Pennsylvania to Vermont. Albany, NY picked up 4 inches of 
snow, 6 inches fell at Burlington, VT and 12 inches fell at Haverhill, NH. Higher elevations picked up even more.
 *1947 - Fish fell from the sky in Marksville, Louisiana. Thousands of fish fell from the sky in an area 1,000 feet long 
by 80 feet wide.
 *1987 - Montgomery, AL recorded its ninth record low of the month as unseasonable chill continued to grip the 
Southeast.
 *1989 - Pacific storm brought heavy rains to northern California and heavy snows to the area around Lake Tahoe. 21 
inches fell at Donner Summit with 3 feet of snow in the mountains near Lake Tahoe.
  ...1761...A hurricane struck southeastern New England.  It was the most violent in thirty years.  Thousands 
of trees blocked roads in Massachusetts and Rhode Island.  (David Ludlum)
  ...1843..."Indian Summer" was routed by cold and snow that brought sleighing from the Poconos to 
Vermont.  A foot of snow blanketed Haverhill, NH and Newberry, VT, and 18 to 24 inches were reported in 
some of the higher elevations.  Snow stayed on the ground until the next spring.  (22nd-23rd)  (Sandra and 
TI Richard Sanders - 1987) (The Weather Channel)
  ...1987...Thirteen cities in the southeastern U.S. reported record low temperatures for the date.  It marked 
the sixth record low of the month for Greer, SC and Columbia, SC, and the ninth of the month for 
Montgomery, AL.  Showers and thunderstorms deluged Corpus Christi, TX with five inches of rain.  
Winnemucca, NV reported their first measurable rain in ninety-two days, while Yakima, WA reported a 
record 96 days in a row without measurable rainfall.  (Storm Data) (The National Weather Summary)
  ...1988...Denver, CO reported their first freeze of the autumn, and Chicago, IL reported their first snow.  In 
Texas, afternoon highs of 93 degrees at Austin and San Antonio were records for the date.  (The National 
Weather Summary)
  ...1989...A storm moving out of the Gulf of Alaska brought rain and high winds to the Central Pacific Coast 
Region.  High winds in Nevada gusted to 67 mph at Reno, and thunderstorms around Redding, CA 
produced wind gusts to 66 mph and 3.36 inches of rain to set a 24 hour record for October..  Locally heavy 
rains in the San Francisco area caused numerous mudslides, adding insult to injury for earthquake victims.  
Up to 3 feet of snow fell in the mountains around Lake Tahoe with 21 inches at Donner Summit. (The 
National Weather Summary) (Storm Data) (Intellicast)


 24 OCTOBER
 THE WEATHER NOTEBOOK 10/24/98
 We hope you enjoy The Weather Notebook. Please forward this to friends and family who you think might like to get 
it. Tell them they can sign up athttp://theweathercompany.com/subscribeme.html
 On this day, October 24, in... 
 ---1987 - Snow fell across northeast Minnesota and northwest Wisconsin overnight, with five inches reported at Poplar 
Lake MN and Gunflint Trail MN. Thunderstorm rains caused flash flooding in south central Arizona, with street 
flooding reported around Las Vegas NV. Strong northwesterly winds gusting to 50 mph downed some trees and power 
lines in western Pennsylvania and the northern panhandle of West Virginia.
 ---1988 - Strong winds circulating around a deep low pressure centered produced snow squalls in the Great Lakes 
Region, with six inches reported at Ironwood MI. Wind gusts to 80 mph were reported at State College PA.
 ---1989 - A storm in the western U.S. produced up to three feet of snow in the mountains around Lake Tahoe, with 21 
inches reported at Donner Summit. Thunderstorms in northern California produced 3.36 inches of rain at Redding to 
establish a 24 hour record for October, and bring their rainfall total for the month to a record 5.11 inches. Chiefly 
"Indian Summer" type weather prevailed across the rest of the nation. Fifteen cities in the north central U.S. reported 
record high temperatures for the date as readings soared into the 70s and 80s. Record highs included 74 degrees at 
International Falls MN, and 86 degrees at Yankton SD.
 ---1997 - A huge snowstorm begins that will eventually impact parts of Colorado, Wyoming, Nebraska, Illinois and 
Oklahoma by the time the storm ends on the 26th. Nine deaths are recorded from the storm. 180 miles of Interstate 80 
closed and 160 miles of Interstate 25. Scientists discover that 20,000 acres of spruce trees in north-central Colorado. 
Some 31-square miles of old-growth forests high in the Rockies were destroyed by unusual "mountain wave" clouds 
that blew 120-mph winds along the western side of the Continental Divide. A spokeswoman for the Routt National 
Forest said the area looked "like somebody took a comb and just brushed the forest down."  The National Weather 
Service in Denver reports "GENERAL SNOWFALL AMOUNTS RANGED FROM 15 TO 30 INCHES ACROSS THE 
URBAN CORRIDER FROM FORT COLLINS SOUTH TO CASTLE ROCK. SNOWFALL ACCUMULATIONS IN 
THE FOOTHILLS WEST AND SOUTHWEST OF DENVER RANGED FROM 2 TO 4 FEET. ALSO SNOWFALL 
ACCUMULATIONS SOUTH OF CASTLE ROCK IN THE MONUMENT HILL AREA APPROACHED 4 FEET AS 
WELL.  WINDS DURING THE PEAK OF THE STORM WERE SUSTAINED AT 25 TO 35 MPH WITH WIND 
GUSTS OF 50 TO 60 MPH AT TIMES OVER THE NORTHEAST PLAINS.
 THE WEATHER NOTEBOOK 10/24/99
 On this date in ....
 1785 - Extensive flooding was reported along the Merrimack River in Massachusetts and New Hampshire following a 
four day heavy rain event.
 1878 - A hurricane caused extensive destruction from North Carolina through the Northeast. It was reportedly the 
worst hurricane of record in Philadelphia. Barometer dropped to 28.82 inches at Annapolis MD.
 1947 - A major forest fire, known as the Bar Harbor holocaust, claimed 17 lives in Maine. Damage totaled $30 million.
 1969 - 16 degrees at Albany NY and 10 degrees at Concord NH both were record lows for the month of October at 
each station.
 1975 - 33 inches of snow fell during a two day period at Mesa Lake CA reservoir.
 1989 - 21 inches of snow fell at Donner Summit CA with three feet in the mountains around Lake Tahoe.
 1992 - 3 tornadoes touchdown in the Flagstaff AZ area. 260 acres of Ponderosa Pine was destroyed as one twister 
tracked across the Crater National Monument.
 1997 - A tremendous early season snowstorm pounded Colorado, Kansas and Nebraska from the 24th to the 26th with 
blizzard conditions, high winds and very heavy snowfalls. 21.9 inches of snow in Denver was the second-highest storm 
total in the city's history. 2-4 foot snowfall totals were common, particularly in the foothills west of Denver. 51 inches 
fell at Coal Creek Canyon. 20-30 inches fell around Boulder. 28 inches fell in Estes Park. The 17.4 inches at Hastings 
KS was more than it had ever snowed in any month of October. At least nine people died in the storm. Hundreds of 
miles of roads and interstates were closed and thousands of travelers were stranded at Denver International Airport. 
The storm damaged or destroyed 85% of the trees in Omaha NE. Scientists discovered a massive "blowdown" of 
20,000 acres of spruce trees in north-central Colorado. Some 31-square miles of old-growth forests high in the Rockies 
were destroyed by unusual "mountain wave" clouds that blew 120-mph winds along the western side of the Continental 
Divide.
 1998 - Mitch becomes a hurricane in the Caribbean south of Jamaica and begins to intensify rapidly. During a 24 hour 
period beginning on the afternoon of the 24th, its central pressure dropped 52 mb, to 924 mb.
  ...1785...A four day rain swelled the Merrimack River in New Hampshire and Massachusetts to the greatest 
height of record causing extensive damage to bridges and mills.  (David Ludlum)
  ...1878...A hurricane produced widespread damage across North Carolina, Virginia, the District of 
Columbia, Maryland, New Jersey and Pennsylvania.  At Philadelphia, PA, the hurricane was the worst of 
record.  Cape May, NJ had 84 mph winds. (David Ludlum) (Intellicast)
  ...1937...A snow squall in Buffalo, NY tied up traffic in six inches of slush.  (David Ludlum)
  ...1947...The Bar Harbor holocaust occurred in Maine when forest fires consumed homes and a medical 
research institute.  The fires claimed 17 lives, and caused thirty million dollars damage.  (David Ludlum)
  ...1951...Sacramento, CA reported a barometric pressure of 29.42 inches, to establish a record for October.  
(The Weather Channel)
  ...1969...Unseasonably cold air gripped the northeastern U.S.  Lows of 10 degrees at Concord, NH and 6 
degrees at Albany, NY established October records.  (The Weather Channel)
  ...1987...Snow fell across northeast Minnesota and northwest Wisconsin overnight, with five inches reported 
at Poplar Lake, MN and Gunflint Trail, MN.  Thunderstorm rains caused flash flooding in south central 
Arizona, with street flooding reported around Las Vegas, NV.  Strong northwesterly winds gusting to 50 
mph downed some trees and power lines in western Pennsylvania and the northern panhandle of West 
Virginia.  (The National Weather Summary) (Storm Data)
  ...1988...Strong winds circulating around a deep low pressure centered produced snow squalls in the Great 
Lakes Region, with six inches reported at Ironwood, MI.  Wind gusts to 80 mph were reported at State 
College, PA.  (The National Weather Summary) (Storm Data)
  ...1989...A storm in the western U.S. produced up to three feet of snow in the mountains around Lake 
Tahoe, with 21 inches reported at Donner Summit.  Thunderstorms in northern California produced 3.36 
inches of rain at Redding to establish a 24 hour record for October, and bring their rainfall total for the 
month to a record 5.11 inches.  Chiefly "Indian Summer" type weather prevailed across the rest of the 
nation.  Fifteen cities in the north central U.S. reported record high temperatures for the date as readings 
soared into the 70s and 80s.  Record highs included 74 degrees at International Falls, MN, and 86 degrees at 
Yankton, SD.  (The National Weather Summary) (Storm Data)


 25 OCTOBER
 THE WEATHER NOTEBOOK 10/25/98
 We hope you enjoy The Weather Notebook. Please forward this to friends and family who you think might like to get 
it. Tell them they can sign up at   http://theweathercompany.com/subscribeme.html
 On this day, October 25, in...
 ---1768 - At least 1000 people die when Havana Cuba is struck by a violent hurricane.
 ---1919 - Bismarck ND records its earliest subzero temperature reading ever as the mercury falls to -10 degrees.
 ---1921 - A hurricane with 100 mph winds hit Tampa FL causing several million dollars damage.
 ---1925 - Woburn and Stoneham MA struck by F2 tornado. 1 person was killed.  Strongest tornado of record for so late 
in year in New England.
 ---1965 - Once again, Fort Lauderdale is deluged with heavy rain for the second time in two weeks. 13.81 inches of 
rain falls in a 48 hour period.  Many places were flooded for the second time. 
 ---1990 - Mt. Mitchell NC records 11 inches of snow in an early season storm.
 ---1977 - In Dutch Harbor, Alaska the barometer drops to an unbelievable 27.31 inches (925 mb) during a major storm 
setting an Alska state record.
 ---1987 - A storm system moving across the Saint Lawrence Valley produced 40 to 50 mph winds east of Lake Ontario. 
High winds downed some trees around Watertown NY, and produced waves seven feet high between Henderson 
Harbor and Alexandria Bay. Mason City IA and Waterloo IA tied for honors as cold spot in the nation with record 
lows for the date of 19 degrees. Severe thunderstorms in Oklahoma and northern Texas produced golf ball size hail and 
wind gusts to 65 mph.
 ---1988 - Severe thunderstorms erupted over northeastern Texas during the late evening producing softball size hail at 
Newcastle and Jonesboro. Low pressure over James Bay in Canada continued to produced showers and gale force 
winds in the Great Lakes Region.
 ---1989 - Low pressure over Nevada produced high winds in the southwestern U.S., and spread heavy snow into Utah. 
Winds gusted to 63 mph at the Mojave Airport in southern California. Snowfall totals in Utah ranged up to 12 inches at 
Snowbird, with 11 inches at Alta. "Indian Summer" type weather continued in the central and eastern U.S. Twenty 
cities in the north central U.S. reported record high temperatures for the date. Highs of 77 degrees at Alpena MI and 81 
degrees at Saint Cloud MN were the warmest of record for so late in the season.
THE WEATHER NOTEBOOK 10/25/99
On this date in ....
*1768 - Violent hurricane struck Havana, Cuba. Over 1000 people perished.
*1919 - Bismarck, ND records its earliest subzero temperature reading ever as the mercury falls to -10 degrees.
*1921 - Worst hurricane in 70 years strikes the Tampa, FL area with winds to nearly 100 mph. The barometer fell to 28.81 
inches at the Weather Bureau Station in Tampa. The observer reported that 8.53 inches of rain fell, but that much more than 
that was blown out of the gauge by the strong winds. At least 8 people died on the west coast of Florida.
*1925 - Woburn and Stoneham, MA struck by F2 tornado. 1 person was killed.  Strongest tornado of record for so late in 
year in New England.
*1965 - Once again, Fort Lauderdale is deluged with heavy rain for the second time in two weeks. 13.81 inches of rain falls 
in a 48 hour period.  Many places were flooded for the second time.
*1977 - Barometer drops to an unbelievable 27.31 inches (925 mb) during a major storm at Dutch Harbor, AK.
*1981 - Severe weather does not always show up on radar. On this date, a short lived tornado at Blountstown, FL caused $2 
million in damage along its six mile path. The Weather Radar at Apalachicola, FL did not indicate that severe weather was 
occurring.
*1982 - Major coastal storm brought high winds to the Mid Atlantic, where winds gusted to 82 mph at the Chesapeake Bay 
Bridge Tunnel. Mt. Pisgah, NC picked up 11 inches of snow.
*1990 - Mt. Mitchell, NC records 11 inches of snow in an early season storm.
*1990 - Precipitation falls on 19 straight days at Caribou, ME.
*1997 - Major snowstorm pounded Colorado, Kansas and Nebraska on the 25th and 26th. 51 inches of snow fell at Coal 
Creek, CO. Four feet of snow fell over a wide area. Denver picked up 21.9 inches of snow for the second highest amount in 
the city's history. 19.3 inches of snow fell at Goodland, KS to establish a new 24 hour snowfall record for that location.
  ...1919...Bismarck, ND recorded their earliest below zero reading when the temperature drops to 10 degrees 
below zero. (Intellicast)
  ...1921...A hurricane with 100 mph winds hit Tampa, FL causing several million dollars damage.  (David 
Ludlum)
  ...1925...An F2 tornado moved through Woburn and Stoneham, MA killing 1 person and injuring 6 while 
unroofing or damaging 75 buildings.  This was the strongest tornado on record for so late in the year in New 
England. (Intellicast)
  ...1977...Dutch Harbor in Alaska reported a barometric pressure reading of 27.31 inches (925 millibars) to 
establish an all-time record for the state.  (The Weather Channel)
  ...1981...A northbound tornado caused two million dollars damage to Bountstown, FL in less than five 
minutes.  Fortunately no deaths occurred along its six mile path, which was 30 to 100 yards in width.  Radar 
at Apalachicola had no indication of a tornado or severe weather.  (The Weather Channel)
  ...1987...A storm system moving across the Saint Lawrence Valley produced 40 to 50 mph winds east of 
Lake Ontario.  High winds downed some trees around Watertown, NY, and produced waves seven feet high 
between Henderson Harbor and Alexandria Bay.  Mason City, IA and Waterloo, IA tied for honors as cold 
spot in the nation with record lows for the date of 19 degrees.  Severe thunderstorms in Oklahoma and 
northern Texas produced golf ball size hail and wind gusts to 65 mph.  (The National Weather Summary) 
(Storm Data)
  ...1988...Severe thunderstorms erupted over northeastern Texas during the late evening producing softball 
size hail at Newcastle and Jonesboro.  Low pressure over James Bay in Canada continued to produced 
showers and gale force winds in the Great Lakes Region.  (The National Weather Summary) (Storm Data)
  ...1989...Low pressure over Nevada produced high winds in the southwestern U.S., and spread heavy snow 
into Utah.  Winds gusted to 63 mph at the Mojave Airport in southern California.  Snowfall totals in Utah 
ranged up to 12 inches at Snowbird, with 11 inches at Alta.  "Indian Summer" type weather continued in the 
central and eastern U.S.  Twenty cities in the north central U.S. reported record high temperatures for the 
date.  Highs of 77 degrees at Alpena, MI and 81 degrees at Saint Cloud, MN were the warmest of record for 
so late in the season.  (The National Weather Summary) (Storm Data)
  ...1990...An early storm deposited 11 inches of snow on Mt. Mitchell (elevation 6684 feet) in western North 
Carolina. (Intellicast)


 26 OCTOBER
 THE WEATHER NOTEBOOK 10/26/98
 We hope you enjoy The Weather Notebook. Please forward this to friends and family who you think might like to get 
it. Tell them they can sign up at http://theweathercompany.com/subscribeme.html
 On this day, October 26, in...
 ---1859 - New York City records its earliest significant snow (4 inches.)
 ---1962 - Parts of Maine and Massachusettes record their heaviest early season snows of record. 13.9 inches fell at 
Greenville, ME.
 ---1987 - Five cities in south central Texas reported record high temperatures for the date, including Corpus Christi and 
Del Rio with readings of 93 degrees. Laredo TX was the hot spot in the nation with a high of 98 degrees. 
Thunderstorms moving over the Lower Mississsippi Valley deluged Lake Charles LA with 2.70 inches of rain in one 
hour resulting in severe local flooding.
 ---1988 - Thunderstorms moving out of northern Texas spawned five tornadoes in Louisiana during the morning hours. 
The thunderstorms also produced wind gusts to 75 mph at Jennings LA, and the driver of a vehicle was killed by a 
falling tree near Coushatta LA. Snow squalls in the Lower Great Lakes Region produced heavy snow in western New 
York State, with 12 inches reported at Colden.
 ---1989 - Unseasonably warm weather continued in the north central U.S. Afternoon highs of 78 degrees at Alpena MI, 
75 degrees at Duluth MN, 79 degrees at Fargo ND, 77 degrees at International Falls MN, 76 degrees at Marquette MI, 
75 degrees at Sault Ste Marie MI, and 80 degrees at Saint Cloud MN, were all the warmest of record for so late in the 
season. Morning lows of 63 degrees at Concordia KS and Omaha NE were the warmest of record for the date.
 ---1990 - Coastal storm produces wind gusts to 90 mph along the North Carolina coast. Thousands were stranded on 
Hatteras Island as a breakaway barge destroyed a 369 foot section of the Bonner Bridge, the only link between the 
island and the mainland.
  ...1859...New York City had their earliest substantial snow of record as four inches blanketed the city.  
(David Ludlum)
  ...1919...The temperature at Bismarck, ND plunged to ten degrees below zero, the earliest subzero reading 
of record for the city, and a record for the month of October.  (The Weather Channel)
  ...1926...Barrow, AK received a record fifteen inches of snow, and also established a 24 hour precipitation 
record of 1.00 inch which lasted until the 21st of July in 1987.  (The Weather Channel)
  ...1962...A storm brought five to six inches of snow to Vermont and New Hampshire, with up to ten inches 
reported in the mountains.   Worchester, MA recorded 4.7 inches of snow; 3.6 inches at Portland, ME; 
Greenville, ME had 13.9 inches.  All were new records for the heaviest snow early in the season. (The 
Weather Channel) (Intellicast)
  ...1983...A heat wave was in progress over the Northern Rockies, with record highs of 81 degrees at 
Sheridan, WY and Billings, MT.(Sandra and TI Richard Sanders - 1987)
  ...1987...Five cities in south central Texas reported record high temperatures for the date, including Corpus 
Christi and Del Rio with readings of 93 degrees.  Laredo, TX was the hot spot in the nation with a high of 
98 degrees.  Thunderstorms moving over the Lower Mississippi Valley deluged Lake Charles, LA with 2.70 
inches of rain in one hour resulting in severe local flooding.  (The National Weather Summary) (Storm 
Data)
  ...1988...Thunderstorms moving out of northern Texas spawned five tornadoes in Louisiana during the 
morning hours.  The thunderstorms also produced wind gusts to 75 mph at Jennings, LA, and the driver of a 
vehicle was killed by a falling tree near Coushatta, LA.  Snow squalls in the Lower Great Lakes Region 
produced heavy snow in western New York State, with 12 inches reported at Colden.  (The National 
Weather Summary) (Storm Data)
  ...1989...Unseasonably warm weather continued in the north central U.S.  Afternoon highs of 78 degrees at 
Alpena, MI, 75 degrees at Duluth, MN, 79 degrees at Fargo, ND, 77 degrees at International Falls, MN, 76 
degrees at Marquette, MI, 75 degrees at Sault Ste Marie, MI, and 80 degrees at Saint Cloud, MN, were all 
the warmest of record for so late in the season.  Morning lows of 63 degrees at Concordia, KS and Omaha, 
NE were the warmest of record for the date.  (The National Weather Summary)
  ...1990...A rapidly deepening coastal storm just east of Cape Hatteras produced wind gusts in excess of 90 
mph along coastal sections.  A dredge barge broke loose from its moorings in the Oregon Inlet and struck 
the Bonner Bridge, the sole link highway between Hatteras Island and the mainland.  A 369 foot section of 
the bridge collapsed leaving thousands stranded on the island. (Intellicast)
  ...1993...The temperature at Eureka, CA soared to 87 degrees to set an all-time record for the city. 
(Intellicast)


 27 OCTOBER
 THE WEATHER NOTEBOOK 10/27/98
 We hope you enjoy The Weather Notebook. Please forward this to friends and family who you think might like to get 
it. Tell them they can sign up at http://theweathercompany.com/subscribeme.html
 On this day, October 27, in... 
 ---1972 -Tornado strikes Crestview, FL. A couple survives because they awake when rains starts falling on their faces 
while sleeping in bed. The tornado had removed the roof and the couple ran out of the house before it was demolished.
 ---1764 - A "very remarkable storm of snow with high winds" produced 22 inches at Rutland in central Massachusetts.
 ---1929 - A snowstorm dumped 27 inches upon Ishpeming MI in 24 hours to establish a state record.
 ---1962 - An early season winter storm over New England blanketed northern Maine with 7 to 16 inches of snow, and 
southeastern New England with up to 3 inches of snow. Worcester MA received a record 4.7 inches of snow.
 ---1987 - Showers and thunderstorms produced locally heavy rain from Virginia to New York State. Fallen leaves 
made roads and sidewalks slick, and also clogged sewers. Rainfall totals of 1.55 inches at Newark NJ, 1.54 inches at 
Harrisburg PA, 1.27 inches at Scranton PA, and 1.22 inches at Atlantic City NJ, were records for the date.
 ---1988 - Low pressure brought snow and gale force winds to the Great Lakes Region, and snow and high winds to the 
north central U.S. Winds gusted to 47 mph at Lansing MI, and reached 55 mph at Pierre SD.
 ---1989 - Wintry weather invaded the northwestern U.S. A storm crossing the Central Rockies produced up to 23 
inches of snow in the mountains east of Salt Lake City UT. "Indian Summer" continued in the Lower Ohio Valley and 
the Upper Great Lakes Region. Afternoon highs of 71 degrees at Marquette MI and 72 degrees at Sault Ste Marie MI 
were records for the date.
 ---1996 - Another heavy rain event in southern and central Texas with thousands of homes in without power. Strong 
storms drop over 13 inches in some spots in a 24 hour period. Flights are cancelled from the Dallas-Fort Worth 
Airport.
 THE WEATHER NOTEBOOK 10/27/99
 On this date in ....
 *1764 - 22 inches of snow fell at Rutland, MA from an unusual early season storm.
 *1843 - Freak early season winter storm strikes Mississippi with snow, sleet and freezing temperatures. A hard freeze 
followed the storm.
 *1929 - 27 inches of snow fell in 24 hours at Ishpeming, MI to establish a new state record.
 *1962 - Up to 16 inches of snow fell across northern Maine. Worcester, MA reported a record 4.7 inches of snow.
 *1972 - A man and his wife were awakened from a sound sleep by rain beating down on them. A tornado had just 
removed the roof from their house near Crestview, Florida. They ran, uninjured, from their house moments before it 
was removed from its foundation.
 *1996 - Thousands of homes in southern and central Texas were without power after strong storms dumped as much as 
a foot of rain. Hundreds of flights were canceled or diverted at Dallas-Fort Worth International Airport, and the Frio, 
Guadalupe, and Llano rivers spilled their banks, making roads impassable and stranding some motorists. The Llano 
crested at 30 feet -- 18 feet above flood stage -- and
 *1998 - Hurricane Mitch passed over Swan Island and turned southwestward toward the Bay Islands off of the 
Honduran coast. Mitch passed near the island of Guanaja as still a category 4 hurricane. As the hurricane interacted 
with the landmass of Honduras, it weakened, its central pressure rising almost 59 mb in two days. The center of the 
slow-moving hurricane meandered near the north coast of Honduras from late on the 27th through the 28th, before 
making landfall during the morning of the 29th. 50-75 inches of rain fell across parts of Honduras and Nicaragua, 
causing tremendous flooding and mudslides. Over 11,000 people would die in the aftermath and the economy of the 
two countries were shattered. Another 1000 people were never found. Mitch ranks as the second most deadly Atlantic 
Hurricane on record, behind the "Great Hurricane of 1780" which affected the Lesser Antilles.
  ...1764...A "very remarkable storm of snow with high winds" produced 22 inches at Rutland in central 
Massachusetts.  (David Ludlum)
  ...1843...A snowstorm hit Mississippi bringing snow, sleet and 33 degree temperatures.  On the heels of the 
storm, the area endured a hard freeze the following morning. (Intellicast)
  ...1929...A snowstorm dumped 27 inches upon Ishpeming, MI in 24 hours to establish a state record.  
(David Ludlum)
  ...1962...An early season winter storm over New England blanketed northern Maine with 7 to 16 inches of 
snow, and southeastern New England with up to 3 inches of snow.  Worcester, MA received a record 4.7 
inches of snow.  (The Weather Channel)
  ...1987...Showers and thunderstorms produced locally heavy rain from Virginia to New York State.  Fallen 
leaves made roads and sidewalks slick, and also clogged sewers.  Rainfall totals of 1.55 inches at Newark, 
NJ, 1.54 inches at Harrisburg, PA, 1.27 inches at Scranton, PA, and 1.22 inches at Atlantic City, NJ, were 
records for the date.  (The National Weather Summary)
  ...1988...Low pressure brought snow and gale force winds to the Great Lakes Region, and snow and high 
winds to the north central U.S.  Winds gusted to 47 mph at Lansing, MI, and reached 55 mph at Pierre, SD.  
(The National Weather Summary) (Storm Data)
  ...1989...Wintry weather invaded the northwestern U.S.  A storm crossing the Central Rockies produced up 
to 23 inches of snow in the mountains east of Salt Lake City, UT.  "Indian Summer" continued in the Lower 
Ohio Valley and the Upper Great Lakes Region.  Afternoon highs of 71 degrees at Marquette, MI and 72 
degrees at Sault Ste Marie, MI were records for the date.  (The National Weather Summary) (Storm Data)


 28 OCTOBER
 THE WEATHER NOTEBOOK 10/28/98
 We hope you enjoy The Weather Notebook. Please forward this to friends and family who you think might like to get 
it. Tell them they can sign up at http://theweathercompany.com/subscribeme.html
 On this day, October 28, in...
 ---1936 - The temperature at Layton NJ dipped to 9 above zero to establish a state record for the month of October.
 ---1971 - A severe early season blizzard raged across the Plateau Region and Rocky Mountain Region. Heavy snow 
blocked railroads and interstate highways, and record cold accompanied the storm. Lander WY received 27 inches of 
snow, and the temperature at Big Piney WY plunged to 15 degrees below zero.
 ---1987 - Thunderstorms over the San Joaquin Valley of California produced three-quarters of an inch of rain in thirty 
minutes at Placerville, and caused numerous power outages due to lightning. Rain began to diminish in the 
northeastern U.S., but some flooding continued in Vermont, eastern New York and northern New Jersey. One inch 
rains in Vermont clogged culverts and sewers with fallen leaves, resulting in erosion of dirt roads.
 ---1988 - Arctic cold invaded the north central U.S. Valentine NE dipped to 8 degrees, and Cutbank MT reported a 
morning low of one degree above zero.  The temperature at Estes Park CO dipped to 15 degrees, but then soared thirty 
degrees in less than thirty minutes.
 ---1989 - A storm crossing the western U.S. produced 10 to 20 inches of snow across northern and central Wyoming, 
with 22 inches reported at Burgess Junction. Seven cities in the Lower Ohio Valley and the Upper Great Lakes Region 
reported record high temperatures for the date as readings again warmed into the 70s. Alpena MI reported a record high 
of 75 degrees.
  ...1936...The temperature at Layton, NJ dipped to 9 degrees above zero to establish a state record for the 
month of October.  (The Weather Channel)
  ...1971...A severe early season blizzard raged across the Plateau Region and Rocky Mountain Region.  
Heavy snow blocked railroads and interstate highways, and record cold accompanied the storm.  Lander, 
WY received 27 inches of snow, and the temperature at Big Piney, WY plunged to 15 degrees below zero.  
(David Ludlum)
  ...1987...Thunderstorms over the San Joaquin Valley of California produced three-quarters of an inch of rain 
in thirty minutes at Placerville, and caused numerous power outages due to lightning.  Rain began to 
diminish in the northeastern U.S., but some flooding continued in Vermont, eastern New York and northern 
New Jersey.  One inch rains in Vermont clogged culverts and sewers with fallen leaves, resulting in erosion 
of dirt roads.  (Storm Data) (The National Weather Summary)
  ...1988...Arctic cold invaded the north central U.S.  Valentine, NE dipped to 8 degrees, and Cutbank, MT 
reported a morning low of one degree above zero.  The temperature at Estes Park, CO dipped to 15 degrees, 
but then soared thirty degrees in less than thirty minutes.  (The National Weather Summary)
  ...1989...A storm crossing the western U.S. produced 10 to 20 inches of snow across northern and central 
Wyoming, with 22 inches reported at Burgess Junction.  Seven cities in the Lower Ohio Valley and the 
Upper Great Lakes Region reported record high temperatures for the date as readings again warmed into the 
70s.  Alpena, MI reported a record high of 75 degrees.  (The National Weather Summary) (Storm Data)
  ...1991...Yakima, WA recorded 2.4 inches of snow, equaling the record for October. (Intellicast)


 29 OCTOBER
 THE WEATHER NOTEBOOK 10/29/98
 We hope you enjoy The Weather Notebook. Please forward this to friends and family who you think might like to get 
it. Tell them they can sign up at http://theweathercompany.com/subscribeme.html  
 On this day, October 29, in...
 ---1727 - Severe earthquake in New England.
 ---1917 - The temperature at Denver CO dipped to zero, and at Soda Butte WY the mercury plunged to 33 degrees 
below zero, a U.S. record for the month of October.
 ---1942 - A tornado struck the town of Berryville in northwest Arkansas killing 20 persons and causing half a million 
dollars damage.
 ---1956 - A violent tornado, or series of tornadoes, moved along a path more than 100 miles in length from south of 
North Platte NE into Rock County NE.  It was an unusually late occurence so far north and west in the U.S. for such a 
storm.
 ---1987 - Severe thunderstorms in Arizona produced wind gusts to 86 mph at the Glendale Airport near Phoenix, 
baseball size hail and 70 mph winds at Wickenburg, and up to an inch of rain in fifteen minutes in Yavapai County and 
northwest Maricopa County. Arizona Public Service alone reported 2.5 million dollars damage from the storms.
 ---1988 - Wintry weather prevailed in the Upper Midwest. South Bend, IN equalled their record for October with a 
morning low of 23 degrees.  International Falls MN reported a record low of 11 degrees in the morning, then dipped 
down to 8 degrees above zero late in the evening.
 ---1989 - Thunderstorms developing along a cold front produced severe weather in Oklahoma and north central Texas 
during the late afternoon and evening hours. Thunderstorms in Oklahoma produced weak tornadoes near Snyder and 
Davidson, and produced hail two inches in diameter at Altus. Large hail damaged 60 to 80 percent of the cotton crop in 
Tillman County OK. Nine cities in the northeastern U.S. reported record high temperatures for the date as readings 
warmed into the 70s. For Marquette MI it marked their fifth straight day of record warmth. Arctic cold invaded the 
western U.S. Lows of 7 degrees at Alamosa CO and 9 degrees at Elko NV were records for the date.
 
 THE WEATHER NOTEBOOK 10/29/99
  
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 On this date in ....
  
 *1917 - -33F at Soda Butte Wyoming is an October record for the lower 48
 states.
  
 *1942 - Berryville, AR struck by tornado that killed 29 people and injured
 over 200. 137 buildings were destroyed.
  
 *1956 - Family of tornadoes cut a 100 mile path across Nebraska. What made
 this outbreak so unusual was the fact that it was so far to the northwest
 for so late in the year.
  
 *1959 - 800 villagers in the tiny town of Minatitlan Mexico are buried by a
 massive mudslide. Many others died from snakebites and scorpions that were
 unearthed the slide.
  
 *1965 - Southern California Heat Waves comes to an end. Los Angeles had
 suffered through 90 degrees readings each day during the Heat Wave and
 horrible smog.
  
 *1991 - Bismarck, ND sets its October snowfall record on this date as 15.9
 inches of snow falls on the 28th and 29th, bringing the total for the month
 to 23.5 inches
  
 ====================================================
  
 Ch
 
   ...1917...The temperature at Denver, CO dipped to zero, and at Soda Butte, WY the mercury plunged to 33 
degrees below zero, a U.S. record for the month of October.  (David Ludlum)
  ...1942...A tornado struck the town of Berryville in northwest Arkansas killing 20 persons and causing half 
a million dollars damage.  (David Ludlum)
  ...1956...A violent tornado, or series of tornadoes, moved along a path more than 100 miles in length from 
south of North Platte, NE into Rock County, NE.  It was an unusually late occurrence so far north and west 
in the U.S. for such a storm.  (The Weather Channel)
  ...1965...Los Angeles had a 10 day duration of heat and smog which ended on this date.  Temperatures each 
day reached into the 90s. (Intellicast)
  ...1987...Severe thunderstorms in Arizona produced wind gusts to 86 mph at the Glendale Airport near 
Phoenix, baseball size hail and 70 mph winds at Wickenburg, and up to an inch of rain in fifteen minutes in 
Yavapai County and northwest Maricopa County.  Arizona Public Service alone reported 2.5 million dollars 
damage from the storms.  (The National Weather Summary) (Storm Data)
  ...1988...Wintry weather prevailed in the Upper Midwest.  South Bend, IN equaled their record for October 
with a morning low of 23 degrees.  International Falls, MN reported a record low of 11 degrees in the 
morning, then dipped down to 8 degrees above zero late in the evening.  (The National Weather Summary)
  ...1989...Thunderstorms developing along a cold front produced severe weather in Oklahoma and north 
central Texas during the late afternoon and evening hours.  Thunderstorms in Oklahoma produced weak 
tornadoes near Snyder and Davidson, and produced hail two inches in diameter at Altus.  Large hail 
damaged 60 to 80 percent of the cotton crop in Tillman County, OK.  Nine cities in the northeastern U.S. 
reported record high temperatures for the date as readings warmed into the 70s.  For Marquette, MI it 
marked their fifth straight day of record warmth.  Arctic cold invaded the western U.S.  Lows of 7 degrees at 
Alamosa, CO and 9 degrees at Elko, NV were records for the date.  (The National Weather Summary)
  ...1991...Bismarck, ND received 15.9 inches of snow on the 28th and 29th.  This brought the October 
snowfall total to 23.5 inches, a new record. (Intellicast)


 30 OCTOBER
 THE WEATHER NOTEBOOK 10/30/98
 We hope you enjoy The Weather Notebook. Please forward this to friends and family who you think might like to get 
it. Tell them they can sign up at http://theweathercompany.com/subscribeme.html
 On this day, October 30, in...
 ---1925 - Nashville TN was blanketed with an inch of snow, their earliest measurable snow of record.
 ---1948 - The Donora PA smog disaster finally came to an end. For five days an inversion trapped impurities in the 
lower atmosphere over the Monongahela Valley killing 20 persons, and leaving more than 2000 others sick. (26th-
30th)
 ---1987 - Severe thunderstorms in Oklahoma produced golf ball size hail and wind gusts to 74 mph near the town of 
Gould. Unseasonably warm weather prevailed across the central U.S. Temperatures warmed into the 80s form Texas to 
the Lower Missouri Valley.
 ---1988 - Ten cities in the Upper Midwest reported record low temperatures for the date. The morning low of 20 
degrees at South Bend IND was a record for October, and lows of 18 degrees at Grand Rapids MI and 20 degrees at 
Fort Wayne IND equalled records for October. The low of 2 degrees at International Falls MN smashed their previous 
record for the date by 11 degrees. Syracuse NY received 2.9 inches of snow to establish a record for October with 5.7 
inches for the month.
 ---1989 - Temperatures soared into the 70s in the northeastern U.S. The record high of 73 degrees at Alpena MI marked 
their sixth straight day of record warmth. In the western U.S., Klamath Falls OR reported a record low of 19 degrees.
  ...1844...Buffalo Barracks, NY was buried under 30 inches of snow in a 3 day storm and Fredonia, NY had 
21 inches.  (Intellicast)
  ...1925...Nashville, TN was blanketed with an inch of snow, their earliest measurable snow of record.  (The 
Weather Channel)
  ...1948...The Donora, PA smog disaster finally came to an end.  For five days an inversion trapped 
impurities in the lower atmosphere over the Monongahela Valley killing 20 persons, and leaving more than 
2000 others sick.  (26th-30th) (David Ludlum) (The Weather Channel)
  ...1987...Severe thunderstorms in Oklahoma produced golf ball size hail and wind gusts to 74 mph near the 
town of Gould.  Unseasonably warm weather prevailed across the central U.S.  Temperatures warmed into 
the 80s form Texas to the Lower Missouri Valley.  (Storm Data) (The National Weather Summary)
  ...1988...Ten cities in the Upper Midwest reported record low temperatures for the date.  The morning low 
of 20 degrees at South Bend, IN was a record for October, and lows of 18 degrees at Grand Rapids, MI and 
20 degrees at Fort Wayne, IN equaled records for October.  The low of 2 degrees at International Falls, MN 
smashed their previous record for the date by 11 degrees.  Syracuse, NY received 2.9 inches of snow to 
establish a record for October with 5.7 inches for the month.  (The National Weather Summary) (Storm 
Data)
  ...1989...Temperatures soared into the 70s in the northeastern U.S.  The record high of 73 degrees at 
Alpena, MI marked their sixth straight day of record warmth.  In the western U.S., Klamath Falls, OR 
reported a record low of 19 degrees.  (The National Weather Summary)
  ...1991...After absorbing Hurricane Grace on the 29th, an intense ocean storm took an unusual course and 
moved westward along 40 north latitude and battered eastern New England with high winds and tides.  
Winds had already been gusting over 50 mph along the coast 2 days before, so seas and tides were very 
high.  Major coastal flooding and beach erosion occurred all along the New England, New York and New 
Jersey coastlines.  Over 1000 homes were damaged or destroyed with tides 4 to 7 feet above normal.  Wind 
gusts reached 78 mph at Chatham, MA and 74 at Gloucester, MA .  One ship east of New England reported 
a 63 foot wave.  Total damage from the storm was $200 million.
A record early cold wave dropped lows to 7 below zero to Billings, MT.  Highs at Laramie, WY only 
reached 11.  Dodge City, KS reached a high of only 23 degrees. (Intellicast)
  ...1993...Record cold and snow occurred in the central and southern states.  Cincinnati, OH reported 5.9 
inches of snow, an October record.  San Antonio, TX saw flakes for the first time ever in October and 
Amarillo, TX recorded 12 degrees, the lowest ever for October.  Laramie, WY plunged to 18 below zero for 
its coldest October reading ever. (Intellicast)


 31 OCTOBER
 THE WEATHER NOTEBOOK 10/31/98
 We hope you enjoy The Weather Notebook. Please forward this to friends and family who you think might like to get 
it. Tell them they can sign up at http://theweathercompany.com/subscribeme.html
 On this day, October 31, in...
 ---1846 - Eighty-seven pioneers were trapped by early snows in the Sierra Nevada Mountains that piled five feet deep, 
with 30 to 40 foot drifts. Just 47 persons survived the "Donner Pass Tragedy".
 ---1950 - Unseasonably warm weather prevailed in the central U.S. for Halloween. The temperature soared to 83 
degrees at Minneapolis MN, their warmest reading of record for so late in the season.
 ---1965 - Fort Lauderdale FL was deluged with 13.81 inches of rain, which brought their rainfall total for the month of 
October to an all-time record of 42.43 inches. (30th-31st)
 ---1987 - Halloween was a wet one in the southwestern U.S. Heavy rain in southern California resulted in numerous 
mudslides. Weather-related auto accidents resulted in three deaths and twenty-five injuries. Mount Wilson CA 
received 3.14 inches of rain in 24 hours. Yakima WA reported measurable rainfall for the first time since the 18th of 
July. The 103 day long dry spell was their longest of record.
 ---1988 - Twenty-two cities in the northeastern U.S. reported record low temperatures for the date. The low of 19 
degrees at Cleveland OH was a record for October, and morning lows of 21 degrees at Allentown PA and Bridgeport 
CT tied October records. Nine cities in the southwestern U.S. reported record high temperatures for the date, including 
Phoenix AZ with a reading of 96 degrees. Showers made Halloween a soggy one in the southeastern U.S.
 ---1989 - Halloween night was a soggy one in New England. Showers in the northeastern U.S. produced more than an 
inch and a half of rain in six hours at some locations. An invasion of cold arctic air brought an abrupt end to a week of 
"Indian Summer" type weather in the Great Lakes Region, and brought snow and subzero wind chill readings to the 
Northern Plains. In Colorado, Alamosa was the cold spot in the nation with a record low of two degrees above zero, 
and a Halloween night storm brought 3 to 6 inches of snow to the Front Range, and 5 to 10 inches to the nearby 
foothills. Icy streets around Denver the next morning made for a rather spooky commute.
 
 THE WEATHER NOTEBOOK 10/31/99
 On this date in ....
 1846 - The Donner Party Tragedy occurred as barely half of the 87 pioneers trapped in heavy early season snows in the 
Sierra Mountains survived. The snows amounts totaled 5 feet and drifts were measured to 40 feet!
 1884 - Brownsville TX reported 15.71 inches of rain for the month, nearly five times normal.
 1887 - Weather records have been kept at Charlotte NC since 1878. The only snow ever to occur there in October 
happened on this date.
 1925 - Record Halloween temperatures in the Northeast. Van Buren ME dropped to 1 degree.
 1950 - Unusual warmth for Halloween in the Central part of the nation. 83 at Minneapolis MN was the warmest 
reading ever for so late in the season.
 1963 - 28 day dry streak comes to an end at Philadelphia PA. The streak still stands as the longest in their history.
 1965 - More heavy rains fell in Fort Lauderdale FL, just two weeks after another major flooding even had occurred 
there. 13.81 inches of rain fell during this event over a two day period. There was extensive damage. The rainfall 
brought their total for the month to an amazing 42.43 inches.
 1989 - 3 to 6 inches of snow fell across the Front Range of the Colorado Rockies . 5 to 10 inches fell in the Foothills. It 
caused an icy commute in Denver. Meanwhile, record warmth continued at Alpena MI where the high was 73 degrees, 
the sixth consecutive record high at that location.
 1991 - Pueblo CO reported 16.5 inches of snow during the month to set a record for October.
 1993 - Southern Plains cold wave continues. 43 record lows set. 28 degrees in Corpus Christi Texas was the coldest 
ever in October or November at that location. Brownsville recorded 35 degrees to also set a monthly record.
 1984 - According to Tom Grazulis of the Tornado Project, there has only been one fatal aircraft accident involving a 
tornado. A tornado was nearby when a single-engine plane crashed south of Topeka, KS., on this date, killing all three 
people on board. The tornado killed two people on the ground.
 1991 - "Halloweeen Mega Storm" strikes the Upper Midwest. Minnesota endured full blizzard conditions with winds 
gusting as high as 50 mph. Duluth picked up 37 inches of snow, Minneapolis 28 inches and International Falls had 18 
inches. Duluth and Minneapolis set new single storm records and picked up half their normal annual snowfall from this  
one storm. 35 inches of snow was recorded at Superior WI.
  ...1846...Eighty-seven pioneers were trapped by early snows in the Sierra Nevada Mountains that piled five 
feet deep, with 30 to 40 foot drifts.  Just 47 persons survived the "Donner Pass Tragedy".  (The Weather 
Channel)
  ...1925...Record low October temperatures were set in northern New England.  Van Buren, ME hit 1 degree, 
Garfield, VT dropped to 2 degrees, Pittsburg, NH to 4 degrees.  (Intellicast)
  ...1950...Unseasonably warm weather prevailed in the central U.S. for Halloween.  The temperature soared 
to 83 degrees at Minneapolis, MN, their warmest reading of record for so late in the season.  (The Weather 
Channel)
  ...1965...Fort Lauderdale, FL was deluged with 13.81 inches of rain inches over a two day period (30th-
31st), the second heavy rains in two weeks and brought their rainfall total for the month of October to an 
all-time record of 42.43 inches. More road and street damage occurred and some homes were flooded for the 
second time. (David Ludlum) (The Weather Channel) (Intellicast)
  ...1987...Halloween was a wet one in the southwestern U.S.  Heavy rain in southern California resulted in 
numerous mudslides.  Weather-related auto accidents resulted in three deaths and twenty-five injuries.  
Mount Wilson, CA received 3.14 inches of rain in 24 hours.  Yakima, WA reported measurable rainfall for 
the first time since the 18th of July.  The 103 day long dry spell was their longest of record.  (The National 
Weather Summary) (Storm Data)
  ...1988...Twenty-two cities in the northeastern U.S. reported record low temperatures for the date.  The low 
of 19 degrees at Cleveland, OH was a record for October, and morning lows of 21 degrees at Allentown, PA 
and Bridgeport, CT tied October records.  Nine cities in the southwestern U.S. reported record high 
temperatures for the date, including Phoenix, AZ with a reading of 96 degrees.  Showers made Halloween a 
soggy one in the southeastern U.S.  (The National Weather Summary)
  ...1989...Halloween night was a soggy one in New England.  Showers in the northeastern U.S. produced 
more than an inch and a half of rain in six hours at some locations.  An invasion of cold arctic air brought 
an abrupt end to a week of "Indian Summer" type weather in the Great Lakes Region, and brought snow and 
subzero wind chill readings to the Northern Plains.  In Colorado, Alamosa was the cold spot in the nation 
with a record low of two degrees above zero, and a Halloween night storm brought 3 to 6 inches of snow to 
the Front Range, and 5 to 10 inches to the nearby foothills.  Icy streets around Denver the next morning 
made for a rather spooky commute.  (The National Weather Summary) (Storm Data)
  ...1991...A severe winter storm dubbed the “Great Halloween Mega Storm” struck the upper Midwest.  
Minnesota bore the brunt of the storm.  Blizzard conditions occurred with wind gusts frequently to 40 to 50 
mph.  By the time the storm finally ended on November 2nd, Duluth received 37 inches of snow, 
Minneapolis 28 inches and International Falls 18 inches.  For Duluth and Minneapolis, this set new all time 
records for single storm totals.  These two cities received nearly half their normal seasonal snows in this one 
storm.  In Wisconsin, 35 inches of snow was reported at Superior and 30 inches at Iron River. (Intellicast)
  ...1993....A cold wave set or tied 43 record lows.  Corpus Christi, TX dropped to 28 degrees to set the 
October (and November) record.  Brownsville dropped to a monthly record 35 degrees. (Intellicast) 





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